| Background: Hyperlipidaemia, also called as dyslipidaemia, is a disorder of lipid metabolism. In recent years, a tendency of hyperlipidaemia is its early onset in young people. Hyperlipidaemia is an important risk factor for atherosclerosis, as well as for angina pectoris, hypertension, stroke, and vascular dementia, therefore, research works on dyslipidaemia has been drawing lots of attentions both from domestic and from abroad. Epidemiology researches showed a rapid increase of average blood-lipid level as well as a climbing incidence of dyslipidaemia in the populations of our nation, regardless of the differences between city and country, north and south. Especially in the economically developed region, highest blood-lipid was observed. Furthermore, the potential risk assessment of dyslipidaemia has been developed from for a single cardiovascular disease into a overall assessment for multiple health prognoses including cardiovascular disease, stroke, malignancies, and total mortalities. In Western medicine, hyperlipidaemia is regarded as a complicated disease with great difficulties in treatment, most of the current medicines and therapies have no a ideal curative effect, and even some of them may have partial effects, the blood-lipid level would go back to the pretreatment level after medicine withdraw, moreover, side effects are always accompanied with these medicines. Thus, modern medical treatment of hyperlipidaemia is a costly long-term task with a certain risks. Chinese medicine has been shown outstanding effectiveness in both treatment and prevention of hyperlipidaemia with few side effects. Therefore, the development of a traditional compound preparation for hyperlipidaemia with independent intellectual asset is of great imminent significance. Figuring out potent traditional medicine to postpone, prevent, and even reverse the progress of atherosclerosis is an important medical project, and will serve as the crucial groundwork in the prevention and treatment of cardiac cerebral vascular diseases.Objectives: Using hyperlipidaemia model of New Zealand rabbit, to explore the relationships between hyperlipidaemia and atherosclerosis; Observing the anti-hyperlipidaemia and anti-atherosclerosis effects of ZHI-MAI-KANG compound preparation fromthree individual aspects, and further study its corresponding mechanisms, the effects of ZHI-MAI-KANG will be compared with those of XUE-ZHI-KANG and Simvastatin, and thus it will provid theoretical basis for the clinical application of ZHI-MAI-KANG.Methods: 1. hyperlipidaemia model was established using high-fat diet. 2. The effects of ZHI-MAI-KANG on the functions of endothelium of vascular were studied through biochemical and immunoradioactive assays, including endothelin (ET), thromboxane B2 (TXB2), 6-keto-prostaglandin Fl alpha (6-K-PGFla), lipid peroxidation (LPO), superoxide dismutase(SOD), and Nitric Oxide (NO). 3. The expression of vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (VCAM-l) in the carotid and aortic arteries was determined using immunochemistry and reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). 4. The micro and ultra-structure of carotid artery were observed employing optical and transmission electron microscopes. 5. The formation of atheromatous plaque on the endothelium of carotid artery was detected using colour doppler sonography. 6. The activated partial thromboplastin time was measured using BT-3 type experimental in vivo thrombosis detection apparatus.Results:A hyperlipidaemia model was successfully established using high-fat diet in New Zealand rabbits. In the hyperlipidaemia positive control group, the level of total cholesterol (TC), total glycerol (TG), and low density lipid protein-C (LDL-C) were significantly elevated, the level of high density lipid protein (HDL) was significantly decreased. The imbalances between ET and NO, TXB2 and 6-K-PGFloc were observed. Viscosity of blood was increased, fibrinolysis function was impaired, accompanied by vascular endothelium disfuntion and the formation of artery atherosclerosis. High dose...
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