| 1. Saussurea involucrata (Kar. et Kir. ex Maxim), a rare Chinese medicinal herb grown in Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region of China, has been used for the cure of rheumatic arthritis and gynopathy.44 compounds were isolated from the the 95% ethanol extract of the aerial parts of S. involucrata. On the basis of physico-chemical properties and spectroscopic analysis(UV, IR, NMR, MS), their structures were identified as Sesquiterpene lactones:sausinlactones A (1), sausinlactones B (2), sausinlactones C (3),3α,8α-dihydroxyl-11βH-11,13-dihydrodehydrocostus-lactone (4),8α-hydroxyl-11βH-11,13-dihydrodehydrocostuslactone (5),11β,13-dihydrodehydrocostuslactone-8-O-β-D-glucopyranoside (6), 11β,13-dihydrodehydrocostuslactone-8-O-(6'-O-acetyl-β-D-glucopyranoside) (7),11βH-11,13-dihydroglucozaluzaninC (8), japonicolactone (9),3β-hydroxycostic acid (10). Flavonoids:hispidulin (11). jaceosidin (12), kaempferol (13),kaempferol-3-O-β-D-glucopyranoside (14), kaempferol-7-O-α-L-rhamnoside(15), rutin (16), quercetin (17), isoquercetin (18), quercitrin (19), apigenin (20), apigenin-7-O-β-D-glucopyranoside(21),luteolin(22), luteolin-7-O-β-D-glucopyran-oside (23). Coumarins: umbelliferone (24), scopoletin (25), esculetin (26), isofraxidin (27). Organic acids and phenols: protocatechuic acid (28), vanillic acid (29),p-hydroxybenzoic acid (30),3,4-dihydroxybenzaldehyde (31). coffeic acid (32). succinic acid (33), benzoic acid (34), sypingin (35),5,7-dihydroxychromone (36). Alkaloid:adenosine (37), L-glutamic acid (38),2-quinazolinecarboxylic acid (39). Others: (-)-epiloliolide (40), n-butyl-β-D-fructopyranoside (41), sucrose (42),β-sitosterol (43). daucosterol (44).Among them, compounds 1-3 were new compounds; compounds 10,27,36-40 were isolated from the genus for the first time.2.20 compounds were isolated from the the 70% ethanol extract of the aerial parts of Hibiscus trionum Linn.. On the basis of physico-chemical properties and spectroscopic analysis(NMR, MS), their structures were identified as Flavonoids:kaempferol (la), kaempferol-3-O-(6-p-coumaroyl)-glucopyranoside (2a), kaempferol-7-O-β-D-glucopyranoside (3a), kaempferol-3-O-β-D-glucopyranoside (4a), quercetin (5a), rutin (6a),2,5-dimethyl-7-hydroxychromone (7a). Coumarins:6-methoxyl-7-hydroxylcoumarin (8a),6,7-dihydroxyl-coumarin (9a). Organic acids and phenols:caffeic acid (10a), methyl caffeate (lla), protocatechuic acid (12a), vanillic acid (13), gallic acid (14a), ethyl gallate (15a). Others:adenosine (16a), inositol(17a), Benzoquinone (18a),β-sitosterol (19a), daucosterol (20a).Among them, compounds 1a-20a were isolated from the plant for the first time.3.17 compounds were isolated from the the 95% ethanol extract of the fruit of Capparis spinosa. On the basis of physico-chemical properties and spectroscopic analysis (NMR, MS), their structures were identified as 5-hydro- methyl furaldehyde (1b),2,2'-difuryl-5,5'-dicarbinol (2b), uracil (3b), glutaminsaeure anhydride (4b), adenine (5b), adenosine (6b), praline (7b), phthalic acid bis-(2-ethyl-hexyl) ester (8b),3-methoxyl-4- hydroxybenzoic acid (9b), vanillin (10b), ferulic acid(11b) 3,4-dihydroxybenzoic acid(12b), succinic acid (13b),β-sitosterol(14b), daucosterol(15b).α-spinasterol-3-O-β-D-glucopyranoside (16b), sucrose(17b).Among them, compounds compound 2 was a new natural product; compounds lb,4b,5b,7b, 8b,15b were isolated from the genus for the first time.EtOAc extract of three plants inhibited the proliferation of RAW 264.7 cells in response to LPS, and inhibited NO secretion of RAW 264.7 cells in response to LPS in a dose dependent manner.Three new compounds of Saussurea involucrata were evaluated for their cytotoxic activity against three tumor cell lines, namely, Hep-3B, A549. and U87. Compounds 1 and 2 showed significant cytotoxic activities against A549 cells with IC50±SD values of 0.01±0.12,2.89±0.11μM.Identification of components in Saussurea involucrata and xuelian injection by UPLC-MS.
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