Organic - Inorganic Slow Release Fertilizer Developed And Their Biological Effect

The content of organic matter, nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium in covered soils were increased compared with unsheltered soils nearby, the rate of increase was P>K>N >0M. The content of available S,Mg,Mn,B,Zn and Cu in covered soils were also increased compared with unsheltered soils nearby. There was a tendency that the longer the soils were covered, the higher the content of organic matter and most nutrients were. The content of available Ca and Fe in covered soils were distinctly decreased compared with unsheltered soils nearby, and there was a tendency that the longer the soils were covered, the lower the content of available Ca and Fe were. The NO₃^--N content in the top layer of covered soils and in the groundwater of covered soils increased by 31.20-126.06% and 91.8-1092.0% compared with uncovered soils nearby, respectively. The cementing agent of CF2, Plastics-Starch and Clay-Polyester were mixed to solution in different concentration respectively, and the effects of solutions on the seed germination of wheat were studied. The result was that the germinated rate of wheat seed were all above 99% in cementing agent solutions and in waters. The organic-inorganic slow release fertilizers were made from chemical elements, organic materials and cementing agents, and the effects of fertilizers on the seedling emergence and growth of wheat were studied in potted plant. The result was that the seedling emergence rate of wheat were all above 96% in fertilization treatments and no fertilizer comparison. The overground plant dry weight, root dry weight and leaf area had no difference in different treatments at 40 days after seedling emergence.The differential dissolve rate of nitrogen of new organic-inorganic slow release fertilizers were lower than that of control, and the dissolved time of nitrogen of new organic-inorganic slow release fertilizers were longer than that of control. In the soil column, the release rate of nitrogen of new organic-inorganic slow release fertilizers were lower than that of control, and the cumulated release rate were lower during certain time than that of control. Among three new type fertilizers, the lasted time of nitrogen releases was longer in the fertilizer which was felted by plastics-starch, but the lasted time of nitrogen releases was shortter in the fertilizer which was felted by clay-polyester. A pot experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of new organic-inorganic slow release fertilizers on some physiological characteristics, utilized efficiency of nitrogen fertilizer, fruit quality and yield in tomato. The results showed that the application of new organic-inorganic slow release fertilizer B increased root activity and leaf NR activity, raised the chlorophyl content in leaf, increased the utilized efficiency of nitrogen fertilizer and increased yield by 17.13%; In the same time, new type fertilizer B application raised the content of vitamin C and soluble sugar, decreased the content of organic acid and NO₃^--N, and raised the ratio of soluble sugar to organic acid in fruits.The application of new organic-inorganic slow release fertilizer A₂ increased root activity, the NR activity and chlorophyl content in leaf, increased the utilized efficiency of nitrogen fertilizer, and increased yield by 16.33%; In the same time, new type fertilizer A₂ application increased the content of vitamin C soluble sugar and organic acid in fruits, and decreased the ratio of soluble sugar to organic acid in fruits.The application of new organic-inorganic slow release fertilizer A₁ increased the content of soluble sugar and organic acid, raised the ratio of soluble sugar to organic acid, and decreased the NO₃^--N content in fruits. The vitamin C content of fruits, the utilized efficiency of nitrogen fertilizer and fruit yield were increased in a little when new organic-inorganic slow release fertilizer A₁ Was applied. The fresh yield, dry matter content and starch content of storage root of white sweet potato were high, but they had high NO₃^--N content and low soluble sugar content. The storage root of these varieties is suitable for starch-industrial material. The fresh yield and soluble sugar content of storage root of nacarat sweet potato were high, and its NO₃^--N content was low. The content of dry matter and starch are low, which leads to its bad flavour. The storage root of these varieties is suitable for pigment material. The fresh yield, dry matter content , starch content and soluble sugar content of storage root of flavicant sweet potato—Lushu8 were high , which leads to better flavour. The storage root of the varietie is suitable for edibles.The application of new organic-inorganic fertilizer was suitable for divarication and root tuber forming of sweet potato as soon as possible. The application of new organic-inorganic fertilizer increased the amounts of root tuber , increased fresh yield and the content of dry matter and starch in storage roots, and decreased the NO₃^--N content of storage root, but had little effect on soluble sugar.