Regional Soil Erosion Remote Sensing Quantitative Monitoring

The quantitative technique monitoring of regional soil erosion is very significant for inspecting quickly and truly to the type, distribution and intensity of soil erosion. At the same time, it is very important that analyze erosive dynamical change and development, making decision of soil and water conservation and ecological rehabilitation. It is also academic study on the model of soil erosion based on RS (Remote Sensing) image & GIS (Geographic Information System), the unit assessing soil erosion intensity, and the methods extracting the value of factors effecting soil erosion in the model. With a view to the whole China, the paper researched the methods of dividing and plotting the unit assessing soil erosion intensity, and capturing the value of erosive factors, and differentiating the intensity of soil erosion. 1. Regarding the whole China as the object of the study, the paper was put forward the quantitative models monitoring water erosion, wind erosion and freeze-thaw erosion based on the RS image and other data. The quantitative model monitoring the soil erosion in a region would reflect objectively the difference of the soil erosion distribution, which can be captured through & GIS. Regarding the whole China as the object, the quantitative models monitoring based on RS & GIS were established according to the modules of soil erosion. The model of water erosion includes three factors: the land use, vegetation cover and slope of land factors. The factors of wind erosion model are vegetation cover (the area of flowing denes) and the form of dene (the shape of sand surface). The elements affecting freeze-thaw erosion are main position of landform and erosive state. The intensity of the comprehensive erosion of water and wind can be indicated with the assembly of the intensity of water and wind erosion. The quantitative models monitoring the intensity of soil erosion are virtually the table functions constituted with the factors affected soil erosion. 2. The sub-areas of erosion by complex force of water and wind in the china was put forward. In term of annual rainfall, the type of landform and land use, the area impacted by complex erosion by water and wind was divided into three sub-areas: the region around the desert in the north of China, the old course of Yellow River and region border on the great lank and coastal region. The region around the desert in the north of China could de Iv divided into three sections: the dene in the eastern plain, and the Loess Plateau in the center and the alluvial sectors. 3. The methods extracting the value of factors and estimating the erosion intensity based on the RS & GIS (including the raster and vector spatial data structure), can be used to monitoring of the regional soil erosion in the paper. The results of three methods based on the vector and raster structure were approximately accordant, including the distribution and acreage of the all levels of erosion intensity. The three methods were the comprehensive evaluation based on the basic unit of vector, the overlay based on the coverage or layer and the superposition based on the vector layers of factors. That made us know that the methods can be use to monitor regional soil erosion. Comparably, the basic unit assessment could reflect better the total distribution of all levels of erosion intensity and has better synthesis. The coverage or vector overlay could make the change between micro...