| With the increasingly prominent problems of energy shortages and environmentalpollution, the whole world in this century has immediately experienced global energy crisescause by insufficient energy resources and an increasingly serious environmental crisisbrought about by the growth of energy consumption. Our country is in the period of rapideconomic development. Chinese growth rate of energy consumption is close to even higherthan the speed of development in national economy. The trend of shortages in some types ofenergy will become increasingly serious with the fast increase in Chinese economy.Meanwhile, with global warming and sharply deteriorated quality of atmosphericenvironment, Chinese problems on environmental pollution are increasingly prominent. Allthese problems will undoubtedly restrict Chinese future developments on energy, economyand society. Therefore, China and even the world are faced with two big problems which arehow to find the opportunities to develop future energy, and the relief for the contradictionbetween supply and demand of energy and effective control of the environment pollution.Biogas which can take the place of straw and coal is a type of renewable pollution-freepremium fuel. It can not only reduce the consumption of primary energy, but also contributeto decrease the emissions of harmful gas such as CO2, SO2and so on. Biogas technology isused to deal with and make full use of biomass waste such as livestock and poultry waste,industrial organic wastewater, sewage, urban organic waste and so forth. It is at present oneof the four key programs in China greatly developed in renewable energy. Hence, reasonableuse of biomass resources and the development on biogas industry which are of greatpractical significance are effective ways to ease the shortage between energy supply and itsdemand and to reduce the pollution to the environment, and are also improtant contents ofachieving sustainable development in our country. Along with biogas industry beingvigorously promoted and developed, overall and systematic studies on the industrializationof biogas appear to be particularly significant. At the moment, the development of biogasindustry in China is mainly driven by government subsidies and guided by environmentalrequirements, yet its industrial system has been not fully formed and its relevant theoreticalsystem has been not perfect. In addition, the biogas projects already built can achieve expected ideal performance owing to influences like material shortage, unmatched scale, nomarket for products, etc., which brings about the waste of resources and even secondpollution. Consequently, studies on basic theories and resource allocation of biogasindustrialization are of very strong necessity and of great theoretical and practicalsignificance.In this paper, based on industrial economics thoery, recycling economics theory,sustainable development theory, public goods theory and system theory, systematicalanalyses are conducted on the present state and main existent problems of biogasindustrialization in our country. Basic connotation, characteristics, the mode of operation andthe comprehensive evaluation index system of biogas industrialization are studied.Optimization problems are explored on resources deployment in large and medium-sizedbiogas projects. Forecast analyses and countermeasure proposals are put forward on thedevelopment of biogas industry in China. All studies in this writing have great significancein guiding system planning and comprehensive assessment, and in perfecting theoreticalsystem of biogas industrialization. At the same time, they can provide theoretical supportand recommendations for instructing healthy development of biogas industry and guidingscientific policy making.This paper is divided into five chapters whose main contents are as follows:Chapter one is introduction, in which the background, literature review, objectives andsignificance of the study are expounded. The research background is analyzed throughenvironmental problems on global energy and Chinese superiority in developing biogasindustry. Current situation of biogas industry in China is analyzed with respect to quantityscale, operation mode and technical equipments, and the main problems in Chinese biogasindustry are put forward. Current situation of domestic and foreign researches and literaturereview are stated through four aspects like the theory and extention of biogasindustrialization, the comprehensive evaluation of biogas industrialization, the application ofsystem dynamics, and the studies on the balance between supply and demand.Chapter two is the basic theories on biogas industrialization. In this chapter, the basicframe of theoretical system of biogas industrialization is set up. The theoretical foundationsof biogas industrialization is expounded, in which industrial economics theory, recyclingeconomics theory, public goods theory, sustainable development theory and system theoryare involved. The essential connotation and basic characteristics of biogas industrializationare defined. The overall mode frame and mode system of biogas industrialization is put forward. The comprehensive evaluation index system of biogas industrialization isconstructed from the perspective of benefits, level of production technology and degree inbiogas industrialization. All indexes are analyzed and defined in detail. Besides, theirimportance is also analysed.Chapter three is the study on optimization of resources deployment in large andmedium-sized biogas projects. Based on the method of system dynamics, problems onresources deployment in typical large biogas projects of Heilongjiang Province aresystematically studied in three aspects like material balance, energy balance and financialbalance. In addition, analyses on optimization of resources deployment are undertaken in thelight of real problems so as to rationalize resources distribution in all biogas projects andprovide theoretical support for biogas projects in size, mode selection and overalloptimization.Chapter four is the development trends of biogas industry in China and countermeasureproposals. The development trends of biogas industry in China are put forward according topresent development and development trend of biogas industry abroad and at home. A fewcountermeasure proposals are put forward on the basis of real problems in the developmentof biogas industry in China with a view of providing support for workable methods infollow-up development.Chapter five is conclusion which is the summary of the whole writing. Innovations inthis paper, and problems and prospects of this study are pointed out. |
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