Research On Compatibility Of Frontal Impact Between Truck And Passenger Vehicle

Compatibility in a collision between different type vehicles is one of the important causes that results in big ratio of casualty. Compatibility between a passenger car and a truck is more serious in all impacts between vehicles. It is becoming a key items how to improve the level of compatibility in a frontal collision. We can say that the compatibility of a vehicle is good if it takes into account its partner passengers'safety as well as its own passengers'when two vehicles impact together. Thus the passengers in the different vehicles are safeguarded in the same safety level. Few researches focus on compatibility in a collision between different type vehicles. Therefore, it's very important to research on this aspect.The main research works include:(1) At the beginning of the dissertation, recent developments of compatibility and crashworthiness of vehicles are briefly summarized. Thin-walled components optimization and researches on high energy-absorption foam materials are also summarized. The matters needed to been solved are found out and some schemes are put forward to solve this problem. Then, the main theoretical backgrounds are introduced, such as explicit finite element technique, contact-impact problems and response surface method;(2) The crashworthinesses of thin-walled straight beams with different shapes are studied based on finite element theory. Structural crashworthinesses are analyzed when the structural parameters are different. Thin-walled straight beam with rectangular section are studied based on dynamic finite element model. Crashworthiness optimization of thin-walled beam, which is subjected to axial impacting load, is processed. Many measures are researched to improve the crashworthinesses of thin-walled beams with rectangular section. The characteristics of various structures and measures effection on crashworthiness are derived;(3) The combined rectangular section thin-walled beams filled with circular section tubes are brought forward. Energy-absorbing characteristics and crassworthiness of the combined beams are studied while they are subjected to axial impacting loads. Influences of parameters change including diameter (or arrangement), wall thickness and length of filled tubes are analyzed on performance of combined beams. The parameters influences on crashworthiness are derived when they are different;(4) According to ECE regulation ECE-R93, front under-run protector (FUP) is put forward and installed on the truck in order to settle the issue of under-run. The finite element model of truck's FUP is set up. The performance of FUP used to prevent from under-run is studied while it bears static load. Energy-absorbed performance and deformation characteristics of FUP are studied while it bears impacting loading. The influence of FUP assembly on compatibility is analyzed while a truck impacts passenger vehicle in a frontal collision;(5) FUP bracket which combining rectangular section thin-walled beams with circular section tubes is advanced. The parameters (including diameter, wall thickness and length of filled tubes) are selected correctly. The performances of combined FUP used to prevent from under-run and improve compatibility are studied;(6) Deformation and energy-absorbing characteristics of thin-walled component filled with foam aluminium are studied. The finite model of FUP filled with foam aluminium is set up. The influence of FUP filled with foam aluminium is studied on compatibility and characteristic of proteting from under-run. Finally, the structure of FUP bracket filled with foam aluminium is optimized by response surface method. Optimal structure of FUP bracket filled with foam aluminium is derived.