Material Outflow Invalid Accretion Flow, The Radiation Cooling

The phenomena of mass accretion and outflow often appear in many astrophysical systems. Such as AGN, X-ray binary and yang stellar object etc., there exist a lot of directly and indirectly observational evidences to imply that the mass accretion (or accretion with outflow) can be a energetical engine to power the various high-energy radiation from these systems. Therefore, it is an absolutely necessary key to understand the process of mass accretion for interpretation of the particular high-energy radiation from these systems.In the first half of this paper, namely the 1st and 2rd chapter, a summary review are presented for the history of accretion theory and an new important theoretical branch, radiatively inefficient accretion flow (RIAF). Particularly, we focus on four particular models, which all have the radiative inefficiency and all belong to RIAF. Remarkably, many researchers are concentrating on the RIAFs because of the successes of ADAF on interpreting the spectra from low-luminosity AGNs and the variations of luminous X-ray binaries.Following, in the second half of this paper, namely the 3rd and 4th chapter, we mainly focus our mind on the effects of mass outflow on the RIAFs. In observation, many celestial systems doubted to be powered by mass accretion often possess a mass outflow. And also, in theoretical research, the RIAFs are energetically unbounded. So, reasonably, we can focus on the effects of mass outflow on the accreting structure and thus the spectra of the high-energy radiation powered by mass accretion.The 3rd chapter mainly deals with my works for PhD degree, and the 4th chapter deals with some conceiving of the further research within the domain of RIAFs. The whole paper actually is a summarization of my works for PhD, and thus it is also a collection of many useful formulas and theoretical models that may be needed in the future.