Study On Qualitative Spatial Reasoning And Its Application In Spatial Data Query

Spatial reasoning is the representation and reasoning of the space object used spatial theory and artificial intelligence. In recent years, the study of spatial reasoning has become a very active research field and has made great progress in qualitative spatial reasoning, spatial knowledge management etc. With the development of information technology of space, spatial reasoning now is being used in geographic information systems, spatial knowledge discovery, image database, multimedia database etc. Geographic Information System is one of the most important fields of spatial reasoning applications.In recent years, with the development of information technology of space, the spatial data is now showing a trend of explosive growth in geographic information system (GIS) and remote sensing image processing and other fields. So how to make effective use of these spatial data becomes one of the bottlenecks of spatial data management. The interaction issues of GIS becomes more and more important, there are many problems need to be solve in this field, such as there are billions of bytes of data stored in the GIS database by vector or raster mode, but the GIS system can not provide an intuitive method for interaction. For example, a user may want to extract some qualitative data from a large number of spatial data or submit a qualitative query to the GIS system, but now the GIS system can not provide such function. To solve these problems, we should study qualitative spatial reasoning and apply the research results of qualitative spatial reasoning, qualitative spatial representation and spatial similarity to the GIS system, so that GIS can fully meet the increasing needs. In this paper, we first give a analysis of existing work, then study on qualitative spatial reasoning and the application of qualitative spatial reasoning in spatial data query and other fields.The main results are as follows:1.Studied the concepts, research contents and the basic methods of spatial reasoning .Summaried the qualitative spatial representation and spatial data query methods, we focused on the 9-intersection model of topological relation and the Deep-Direction-Relation Matrix model of the direction relation.We will use the combination of these two qualitative models in spatial data query by sketch.Summarized the basic methods of spatial reasoning research.The methods includes the axiomatic method, the geometric constraint satisfaction methods, algebraic methods and model-based reasoning. The qualitative spatial representation research focuses on spatial topology relation representation, spatial direction relations representation, spatial distance relation representation, the qualitative shape representation and the qualitative representation method of multi spatial relation etc. the most important representation is the representation of the topological and direction relations. The 9-intersection model and RCC model are the most important topological models; The Deep-Direction-Relation Matrix model is the most widely used direction model. Spatial data query is a research hotspot in recent years, with the growing of the number of spatial data, people need to improve the efficiency of spatial data query, and increase more intuitive way to meet people's awareness of query. We introduced the stage of development of spatial data query, and the future of the spatial data query. We're seeing an ever increasing number of people interested in studying of the spatial data query by sketch now. It is worthy of in-depth research and concerns.2. Based on the combination of the 9-intersection model and the deep direction relation Matrix model, we studied the sketch-based spatial data query methods.Spatial database contains a great deal of topological and directional semantics. But traditional spatial data query methods didn't make good use of these high level semantics. To overcome this conceptual gap, this paper proposes a spatial data query method based on sketch using 9-intersection model and Deep-Direction-Relation Matrix. This method integrates direction relations and topological relations and can handle all data types in geographical databases. This thesis outlines an algorithm based on the solutions of Binary CSP. A prototype has been developed to experiment the method this thesis proposed.3. Spatial similarity theory and its application in spatial data quey by sketch.This thesis summarized the spatial similarity theory and its application in spatial data query.We also study the concept of the spatial similarity and its research content. We outline the present status of research on spatial similarity theory both in China and abroad. Studied the definition of the spatial similarity of the topological relation and its calculation methods.We also studied the definition and calculation methods of the spatial similarity of the direction relation.the application of spatial similarity in spatial data query has also been studied.4. The design and implementation of the spatial data query by sketch system in GIS environment. To verify the proposed method of spatial data query based on sketch using 9-intersection model and Deep-Direction-Relation Matrix, we developed a prototype system used the C# and MapInfo, introduced the design, query processes and realization of the prototype system.We have done some related experiments on the prototype system, we demonstrated the feasibility of the proposed method, also pointed out the shortcomings and the application prospects of the method we proposed.More and more people began to pay close attention to the study of qualitative spatial reasoning and its application, this work is expected to promote the development of the qualitative spatial reasoning and its application. In this paper, the spatial data query method based on sketch using 9-intersection model and Deep-Direction-Relation Matrix proved to have high theoretical and practical value.