The Study On Ecological Town-country System

Ecological Town-Country System(ETCS)is a synthesized Architecture which apply the Ecology principles and System Analysis Method to study the sustainable development of Urban-Rural-Wild area based on the view of considering Urban-Rural-Wild area as a whole. ETCS is a sustainable system which integrates Urban-Rural-Wild area with its essence of achieving the overall ecological protected management and reasonable development of Urban-Rural-Wild system.The separated development and management mode of urban, rural and wild area is the root cause which triggers the urban and rural problems at present. Serious environmental,social and economic problems was bring about by long-term urban and rural separated development model. The systematic guidance of ecological development of Urban-Rural is very rare.Although the "Town and Country Planning Act" has been promulgated for a long time,the traditional and divisional thought still dominant the Urban-Rural development way and hamper the promotion of sustainable process. Constructing Ecological Town-Country System is very urgent to solve the problems of segmentation development way of Urban-Rural system now.Ecological Town-Country System can be divided into a variety of categories according to its different region such as Mountain forms, Plain forms,fragile eco-systems forms and so on. Dunhuang region in this paper is refered to the surrounding area of Dunhuang city which has the same range of Shule River Basin in Gansu Province. And Yumen City, Guazhou County, Dunhuang City, Subei Mongolian Autonomous County, Aksay Kazak Autonomous County are included. It is a typical inland river basin,of the arid natural unit which belonging to fragile eco-system forms of Ecological Town-Country System.In this paper, A system study has been conducted by applying literature analysis, landscape ecology and ecosystem analysis, GIS spatial analysis, statistical analysis, social survey methods in the way of combination of theoretical and empirical research.The main contents and conclusions:(1) The Research Progress. At present, the Researches of Ecological Town-Country System are scattered. In this paper we carried out the systematically and cross-disciplinary analysis of Ecological Town-Country System researches in according to its differences research topics. Domestic and Foreign typical case mode are summed up by the main line of the integration of Urban-Rural-Wild area which combined the theoretical and empirical research. The characteristics of this section is its of interdisciplinary, systematical analysis.(2)The construction of Theoretical System of Ecological Town-Country System.We constructed Ecological Town-Country System theoretical architecture from the seven aspects of the definition, development principles, features, type partition, system configuration, evaluation index system, method system in an exploratory way. The characteristics of this section The characteristics of this part of the study is putting forward Ecological Town-Country Systemtheoretical architecture from the perspective of the integration of Urban-Rural-Wild area.(3)The analysis of ecological landscape pattern of its Ecological Town-Country System in Dunhuang region. Landscape is a comprehensive reflection of the Urban-Rural-Wild space. Firstly, the characteristics of terrain structure is analyzed of the Dunhuang Region. The system composition and dynamic evolution process of land ecosystem are analyzed by using three phase remote sensing data of 2000, 2005 and 2010 from the two levels of the whole region and the upstream region to downstream region.It concluded: Unused land ecosystem area accounts for over 90% of the total area which dominates the whole landscape pattern of Dunhuang Region. The changes ofLand use is very dramatic in the middle stream which include Yumen City and Guazhou County The urban and rural construction and agricultural development in the two regions is the main factors which affecting the regional landscape dynamics. The characteristics of this part of the study is analyzing Dunhuang landscape system with watershed system view of the upstream, middle stream and down stream which strengthen the research depth of its Landscape composition and dynamics.(4)The study on Man-nature harmonization Fluctuations based on the resource carrying capacity of Ecological Town-Country System in Dunhuang region. Resource carrying capacity analysis is an effective means to measure the degree of coordination of Urban-Rural-wild area. The study on dynamic evolution and spatial variance of the water resource use is carried out by using the Carrying Capacity of Water Resources and Water ecological footprint model. The results showed that the use of water resources in Dunhuang Region is overloading severely, the proportion of agricultural water use excessive too much and ecological water is shortage seriously. In 2012 the regional ecological deficit is 336.88×104 hectares; Dunhuang City water consumption is the highest of 5 counties; 2006-2012, the agricultural water of Guazhou County,Yumen City increased greatly. The characteristics of this part of the study is its corresponding to the he upstream, middle stream and down stream which highlight the differences of regional water footprint analysis.(5)The economic and social developmente features study on the Ecological Town-Country System in Dunhuang region.In this part we clarify the main characteristics of the Dunhuang region by using the comparative analysis method based on the quantitative economic and social statistics.The result showed that :1) The Overall level of economic development of this region is well and there is large differences in regional industrial structure and its development model is an extensive one;2) The town-country settlement concentrated along the in traffic line and oasis region, the household population urbanization is low, most of the city and country in this region is in a small scale; 3) The composition of the population is characterized by its multi-ethnic, and cultural resources and the large immigrants, the income gap between urban and rural areas is lower than average level of the Nationwide and Gansu province; 4) The work of Protected areas in this region is seemed as an important means of region governance and gets many good application results The characteristics of this part of the study is its corresponding to the he upstream, middle stream and down stream which highlighting the coupled relationship between the social-economic development and the natural watershed system.(6) The Satisfaction evaluation of the integrated development level of Ecological Town-Country System in Dunhuang region. The comprehensive assessment of the level of Dunhuang City is carried out by questionnaire analysis. Final results are the overall satisfactionscore of Dunhuang City is 6.51 which is in a relative satisfactory level. In five subsystems, ecological economic subsystem attained the lowest score of 5.89 and the low scores of agricultural green indicators level is its important reasons. The characteristics of this part of the study is its comprehensive assessment of integrated development level of Ecological Town-Country System by applying Assessment Questionnaire.