The Analysis Of The Circular Economy Efficiency And Its Influencing Factors In Northeast China

For many years, due to the resource advantages and traditional development orientation, the Northeast China formed by heavy industry and resources industry as its support of economic growth pattern, which has the main characteristics as large scale, capital intensive, labor intensive, high consumption and high pollution. Northeast China now is facing the economic downturn, resource depletion and environmental pollution problems. In order to promote the development of the Northeast China, The National reform of the old industrial base adjustment planning(2013-2022) stressed, to actively promote energy conservation and emissions reduction, improve the utilization efficiency of resources. Vigorously develop the circular economy; greatly improve the efficiency of productivity and comprehensive utilization of resources. Therefore, circular economy has already become the inevitable choice that the Northeast China can achieve the economic transformation, and build a resource saving and environment friendly society.Based on the core idea of circular economy, we using data envelopment analysis model to evaluate the efficiency of circular economy of the Northeast China. As the research focus on the efficient use of resources and pollutants emission reduction, in the process of efficiency evaluation we added the undesirable outputs. Considering the characteristics of the data envelopment analysis models, we finally choose the undesirable outputs SBM model to finish the evaluation of circular economy of prefectural-level division within the Northeast China. In reference to the results of previous studies, and according to the data envelopment analysis index selection requirements, we ultimately determine 3 input indicators and 3 output indicators. In this paper, we use the undesirable output SBM model and the panel data of 35 prefectural-level divisions from 2009-2013 to evaluate the efficiency of the Northeast China. The results show that the development of the circular economy in Northeast China is not good, and the average of circular economy efficiency is only 0.378. The regional circular economy efficiency value are volatile, in addition to the perennial reach DEA effective area, only Tonghua and Jinzhou have the stable upward trend, but the development of the rest areas are not very stable. According to the 2013 circular economy data of Northeast China, we decomposed the technical efficiency into pure technical efficiency and scale efficiency, then obtain the RTS for the decision making units, and gives the input and output redundancy rate to all the corresponding non DEA efficient units. The results show that the efficiency disadvantage areas generally have the problems with technology level backward, and lower management and operation efficiency. And the excessive energy consumption and water consumption has become the main cause of efficiency loss within the Northeast China. By using the hierarchical cluster analysis method and use the input and output indicators as cluster variables of Northeast China in 2013, we complete internal regional division of three northeast provinces. The advantages regions are mainly the provincial cities and the coastal developed cities, while the secondary and inferior regions are most the industrial cities and resource based cities.Based on the evaluation of internal circular economy in Northeast China, we though the analysis of external contrast to further explore the status of three northeast provinces in China. Because of the comparative analysis between the sample units and the decision making units, we finally select the undesirable output generalized data envelopment analysis model and super efficiency data envelopment analysis model to complete the analysis. For the provincial administrative region comparison, selects 2009-2013 China’s 30 provincial administrative region circular economy panel data, using undesirable output SBM data envelopment analysis model and undesirable output generalized data envelopment analysis model complete the analysis of external efficiency. The results show that the development of circular economy in China formed a regional distribution characteristic that advance from the southeast coast provinces to the northwest inland disadvantage provinces. At the present, the Northeast China is in the medium level in our country. The development situation of Heilongjiang and Jilin are much close to the advantage provinces in east China and central south China, Liaoning is more close to the most provinces in southwest and northeast China. Except the excessive consumption of energy and water, the Northeast China is also suffering the excess emissions of SO2. For the prefecture administrative region comparison, we select the circular economy data of 16 provincial capital cities in 2013 as a comparative sample, and use the undesirable output super efficiency data envelopment analysis model to complete the comparative analysis. The results show that the efficiency advantage provincial capital cities like Haikou and Fuzhou are most distribute in the southeast coastal provinces, with the decreasing of efficiency value, its gradually extended to the central and northwest inland provincial capital cities. The prefecture administrative region results and the provincial administrative region results are consistent. In Northeast China, the advantages of Suihua and Daqing are prominent, and the development level of circular economy is close to the provincial capital city of the southeast coastal area. But due to the issues of resource consumption, waste emissions and resource reuse, Huludao, Fushun, Anshan and Benxi are being in the position of the lowest level in our country. In addition, there is an obvious polarization phenomenon in the development of circular economy in the Northeast China.Internal and external circular economy efficiency evaluation results show that external factors obviously have impact on the promotion of circular economy in Northeast China. The analysis of the influence factors on the efficiency of circular economy will get start with the results of efficiency evaluation; we select 13 explanatory variables, and 1 explained variable which is the efficiency of circular economy. Since the circular economy efficiency is between 0 and 1, the final selection of Tobit regression analysis model is used to complete the impact factor analysis of circular economy efficiency. The results show that the per capita GDP and the scientific and technological financial expenditure on the circular economy efficiency showed significant positive correlation. The result indicates that in the next period of time, Northeast China should actively implement cycle as the concept of the economic growth mode, promote the rapid development of the national economy. At the same time, increase the circular economy investment in science and technology field to upgrade the technology level, to improve the management and operational efficiency, to enhance the impetus of circular economy development. In addition, domestic waste harmless treatment rate, energy consumption, SO2 emissions, industrial GDP proportion, non-agricultural population proportion are have a significant negative correlation with the efficiency of circular economy. The result indicates that Northeast China should make further optimization in the process of urbanization, and the improvement of the ecological environment and the adjustment of industrial structure. In the mean time of promoting the urbanization of the population, we should start from various fields to accelerate the industrial upgrading and structural adjustment, in order to achieve the efficient recycling of resources, and the control of pollutants and emission reduction, effectively eliminate the negative impact of external factors on the circular economy.For the solution of the existing problems in the development of circular economy in Northeast China, we put forward the corresponding countermeasures and suggestions at last. At present, the development of circular economy in Northeast China is in the middle level in our country, and the internal polarization phenomenon is very obvious. By using the innovation driven development as the strategy, with the guarantee of supervision and management of our government, the improvement of circular economy efficiency will succeed by the reform of regional economic, transformation of the economic growth and urbanization integration. And we will achieve the goals of cut overcapacity, transformation the industry structure; enhance the production efficiency, efficient use the resources and improvement the environmental pollution. Through the integration of various fields we will provide healthy environment for the development of circular economy in Northeast China, with platform, innovation and security.