A Research Of Collective Science And Technology Policy Evolution From Three Generations Of Leaders In China And China’s Modernization

Science and Technology Policy, namely, the general policy of technological development, refers to the macroscopic strategies and measures formulated in a certain historical period to achieve the goals and tasks of the scientific development, which embodies not only a country’s expectations and demands for the science and technology, but also the most important social factor in determining the direction of science and technology development and in influencing its development scale and speed. The 20 th century is the most glorious era of science and technology development in human history, in which science and technology has become one of main factors in the impact of the social development and human progress. The 21 st century witnesses the greater impact of science and technology on social and economic development, thus the competition of the comprehensive national strength is essentially the competition of science and technology strength and innovative capacity. Under this background, different countries formulate science and technology policies in line with national conditions in order to occupy the commanding heights of the science and technology development. Since the foundation of the Communist Party of China from the beginning of establishing attaches great importance to the formulation and development of science and technology policy, the science and technology policy in different historical period and different leadership has not only convergence but unique policy orientation and demands. the purpose of this paper is to make full use of political science, sociology, history, management and other theories and methods, based on the collected documents and literature, the three generations collective leaderships of the communist party of China’s science and technology policy research, especially the history of science and technology development process, guiding theory, macro decision-making, main measures, makes a comprehensive comparative study on science and technology policy and technology management, reveals the inherent logic thinking on science and technology, thus stripping afford the different historical stage the pros and cons of the party’s policy of science and technology, it is concluded that good for our today’s science and technology policy formulation and implementation experiences and lessons, taking history as a mirror in order to govern the present.The main framework of the article is as follows:In the introduction part, the selected topic background, research status, research methods, and the related concepts are interpreted.The first chapter is to review Chairman Mao’s reign collective science and technology policy, specific analysis the science and technology policy environmental factors in the first generation leadership; The formulation and evolution of the first generation collective leadership’s science and technology policy; The main achievements of the first generation collective leadership in science and technology policy; The influence on the foundation of the early Chinese modernization with the first generation collective leadership ‘s science and technology policy. Etc.The second chapter explains the science and technology policy of the second generation collective leadership led by Deng Xiaoping, detailed studied the second generation collective leadership science and technology policy environmental factor analysis; The formulation and development of the second generation collective leadership’s science and technology policy; The main outcome of the second generation collective leadership’s science and technology policy; The effect after the reform and opening up China’s modernization with the second generation collective leadership ‘s science and technology policy.The third chapter is for analysing Jiang Zemin as the core of the third generation collective leadership’s science and technology policy,; detailed studied the third generation collective leadership science and technology policy environmental factor analysis; The main outcome of the third generation collective leadership’s science and technology policy; The significant role in promoting the 90 s after the development process of China’s modernization with the third generation collective leadership’s science and technology policy.The fourth chapter is to make a comprehensive comparison in three generations collective leaderships of the communist party of China between science and technology policy, study the similarity of three generations collective leaderships’ science and technology policy is the common pursuit of modernization; The inheritance and development of Marxist science technology; Focusing on the development of science and technology and talent; The fundamental political guarantee for the leadership of the party. And the three generations collective leaderships’ differences between science and technology policy: the guiding ideology; The Difference in focus of attention; Different Effect.The fifth chapter is to evaluate and reflect the promoting in China’s modernization construction with three generations collective leaderships’ science and technology policy, and specific investigated the actuation of three generations collective leaderships’ science and technology policy in China’s modernization construction : That is the consistent support of international construction; The actuation of the deepening economic and social practice; The continued to accelerate the process of our modernization drive. As for three generations collective leaderships’ science and technology policy and the reflection of the development of Chinese modernization is that science and technology policy should pay attention to the fusion in science and technology policy and science own law of development; Strengthening the adaptation in science and technology policy with the trendency of world developing; Pay attention to the adaptation science and technology policy and specific conditions. Conclusion, overall, from the study of the three generations leading collective of the communist party of China’s science and technology policy close to the promoting effect of the modernization of China, thus comes to the conclusion.