Research On Relative Poverty Problem In Different Abundance Forest Resources Areas Based On The Perspective Of The Resource Curse

Based on the clearly defined of the concepts about the regional relative poverty and forest resources abundance index, the paper induced and combed the theories of the regional economic development theories, resources economic theories and the relative poverty theories, furthermore, the relative poverty problems in the different abundance forest resource areas were analyzed by using the spatial econometric model, multiple panel model and simultaneous equation method which was analysis from the perspective of the resource curse. Firstly, the descriptive analysis about the regional relative poverty was carried on from three levels of the relative poverty about the breadth, depth and the composite index, on the basis of the division used of the forest resources abundance index. Secondly, we tested the effect of the configuration of factor endowments to the economic growth and income distribution which consist of the regional relative poverty in different abundance forest resource areas and the observation of the role which forest resources played by can be got, in the process, we can know whether the forest resources had the resource curse. In the end, the paper proposed the measures and suggestions to ease relative poverty in the different abundance forest resources areas based on the poverty transmission mechanism which can be concluded in the simultaneous factors analysis about the relative poverty model, relative poverty economic growth model and the relative poverty income distribution. The main research conclusions in the paper are as follows:Firstly, there are significant differences about the status and trends of the forest resources in different abundance forest resources areas. From the forest resources condition of the different regions we can know that the forest resources abundance index is 13.359 in abundance forest resources areas but 1.983 in shortage forest resources areas and only 14.84% of abundance forest resources areas. And the forest resources trends shows that the forest resources abundance index presents upward trend after fall first, and the turning point came in 1998 in abundance forest resources areas while the index shows a trend of rising year by year in the shortage forest resources areas. More than that, the degree of change of the forest resources in the abundance forest resources areas is less than the shortage forest resources areas.Secondly, the relative poverty composite index in shortage forest resources areas is 1.2344, less than 1.5208 in abundance forest resources areas, which shows that the relative poverty condition is more serious in abundance forest resources areas. Other characteristics of relative poverty such as breadth and depth also appear similar situation. The relative poverty change trend presents differences in different abundance forest resources areas, and the downward trend after rising first exist in the abundance forest resources areas while the trend of relative poverty present increasing year by year in the shortage forest resources areas.Thirdly, the analysis about economic factors of the relative poverty shows that human capital is the mainspring of the regional economic growth, while the degree of the role of human capital is different in different abundance forest resources areas. In shortage forest resource areas, 1% increase of human capital, regional economic growth rate can be increased by 4.58%, while in abundance forest resource areas, regional economic growth rate can only be increased by 2.86%. In consideration of the present situation of regional human capital, we found that the lack of human capital and its weak effect to the promotion of economic growth are the important reasons why abundance forest resource areas economic development lag behind. Besides, in different regions, different time period, forest resource exist different influence on economic growth, but on the whole, forest resource has present a positive effect on economic growth and there are no obstacles to regional economic growth and phenomenon of the resource curse does not exist.Fourthly, in 1986-1212, regional income distribution in our country presents the trend of widening year by year. Compared with forest resource shortage areas, the income distribution gap in forest resource abundance is bigger. Test about the income distribution factors of relative poverty shows that the factors have significantly different influence in the direction and degree to the different abundance forest resources areas. Specific term, the regional economic growth can aggravate of income distribution in shortage forest resources areas, while in the abundance forest resources areas can rise to alleviate the effect of income gap. Other factors, such as opening to the outside world, the forest resources abundance index and the inefficiency of fiscal expenditure will be widening income distribution in different forest resources abundance areas, while regional economic stock and industrial structure adjustment can reduce relative poverty. Furthermore, the factors influence is not the same in different abundance forest resources areas.Fifthly, the relative poverty transmission mechanisms are different in different abundance forest resource areas, and elements within the regions mainly by the influent to the income distribution gap and eventually apply to relative poverty. Using relative poverty decomposition model, regional economic growth and income distribution model of simultaneous, it can be found that in 1986-2012, the direct and indirect effect which influenced by opening to the outside world to the regional economic growth and income distribution is the very important reason for formation of regional relative poverty, which can explain the relative poverty in the level of 53.72%, besides, the factors of inefficient regional fiscal expenditure and government interference increased the regional relative poverty to a certain extent. The main reasons for the formation of relative poverty in abundance forest resource areas are the factors of the forest resource abundance index, the degree of opening to the outside world and the inefficient of the social security spending which consist of the fiscal expenditure, while in the shortage forest resources areas, regional economic stock, opening to the outside world and the human capital stock eventually widen the regional relative poverty.Based on the transmission mechanism of relative poverty and the various production factors function configured in the regional economic growth and income distribution, at last, the paper put forward some policies and suggestions to ease the regional relative poverty in the different abundance forest resources areas from the perspective of easing the regional income distribution but do not reducing the regional economic growth.