Research On The Rural Financial Development Countermeasure In Heilongjiang Province

Heilongjiang province has developed from a big agricultural province to a strong agricultural province can’t depart from the support of the efficient rural financial system.In recent years, through the implementation of the national financial support policy, in heilongjiang province to promote, including deepening the reform of rural credit cooperatives and a series of reform to further improve the rural financial service system, rural financial market allocation efficiency improved, to improve and solve the problem of "agriculture, rural areas and farmers" has played a certain role.Especially since 2013, the financial system in Heilongjiang Province, "two plain "modern agriculture overall implementation of comprehensive reform pilot program" under the guidelines to build.The rural financial market use the unified, open, diverse subjects and orderly competition, risk control as the goal, made some financial service innovation to good effect. However, Heilongjiang Province, the rural financial system is still far from developed and improved, but the supply of financial services perspective, there is a large institutional effective regulation, outlets set of financial products, staff incentives, capital efficiency, etc. problem is an urgent need to promote the development of rural financial countermeasures in Heilongjiang province more in-depth study.This research is based on the domestic and international study on measures to promote the development of rural finance, rural finance in the relevant theoretical support, we were on the Heilongjiang rural financial demand and supply of the theoretical and empirical research, with the corresponding conclusion as support are analyzed in Heilongjiang province rural financial services, further selected two from Heilongjiang provincial supervision of rural finance and rural financial service performance analysis of present condition of Heilongjiang province finance, in reference to foreign rural finance reflect the basic experience and Enlightenment of development, put forward some countermeasures to perfect the rural financial development level in Heilongjiang province.In this study first to the rural finance demand in Heilongjiang province were empirical analysis, based on defining the economic behavior of peasant household and the financial needs of farmers on the levels of the econometric analysis, influence factors of the use of Probit model to the bank credit demand, the results show that the willingness to lend to relatively strong is mainly obtained loans of farmers from the formal financial institutions, and household with more labor, household production capacity is usually stronger, the more income, access to credit demand is weak. The measurement results, comparison of Heilongjiang province and developed in Jiangsu Province, we find that, the educational factors was not significant in the Jiangsu model, while in Heilongjiang the estimation model is significantly negative, source of income is not significant in the Heilongjiang model, Jiangsu model and significant in the high, the reason is the impact of the Agricultural Bank of China Jiangsu branch income sources for the different income gap is obvious, the gap between the two farmers in Heilongjiang is not obvious. On the characteristics of rural financial demand of Heilongjiang province of the master is the basis for our understanding of Heilongjiang rural financial characteristics.Then study the Heilongjiang province rural financial supply, rural financial institutions in Heilongjiang province is undergoing adjustment and rapid development, in this part, we turn to the formal financial institutions and new types of rural financial institutions and non regular financial institutions in rural areas the three part provides the rural financial service mechanism, in the formal institutions, rural credit cooperatives to throw the dominant position, but the service innovation ability of local commercial banks are the dominant. The new type of rural financial institutions, rural banks, small loan companies fund cooperatives and show the convenience, democracy, guide a farmer to add close advantages. While the informal finance, although small, can not be ignored, it is difficult to replace the rural financial compensation effect.In the further analysis of the existing rural financial problems in Heilongjiang province, In this study respectively, summarizes the existing rural financial problems in Heilongjiang province and analyzes the causes of these problems, this study think that the rural finance of Heilongjiang province mainly exist in the following problems:rural financial inherent lack of economic difficulties, resulting in mortgage and information asymmetry as a contradiction of agricultural big province rural financial supply and demand is prominent, the rural financial institutions in Heilongjiang province is not perfect, the capital of Heilongjiang Province, a massive outflow of low financial efficiency, rural policy development of private financial institutions out of the development of agricultural insurance van, serious lag. The causes of rural finance in Heilongjiang province problems are mainly as follows:the lack of effect of macro economic and social policy, agricultural industry itself weak, long and complex period of social transition in rural credit environment and Heilongjiang province rural financial system is not perfect.In order to suggestions of the development of rural finance in Heilongjiang is more, this study selected the analysis of financial supervision and financial service performance as the two perspectives for further study on the rural finance of Heilongjiang province. In the study of Heilongjiang rural financial supervision situation, the study focus on the role and position of government in the rural micro credit. The China Banking Regulatory Commission as a national bank regulators, undertake to the rural credit cooperatives in the rural financial supervision function, the provincial government is responsible for the management of rural credit cooperatives responsibility, in practice, the CBRC and the local government is easy to generate friction, because the agricultural letter society and local government exists between the interests of the rural credit cooperatives, and as to maximize profits for the purpose of economic main body, the government is in pursuit of the maximization of social benefit, it may go against the effect of management and risk prevention of rural credit cooperatives supervision. In the empirical analysis of the performance of financial services in rural areas of Heilongjiang Province, we choose the number of financial institutions, the loan deposit amount, the loan recovery rate and the rate of bad loans and other indicators to rural finance of Heilongjiang province business performance. Through to the Heilongjiang province rural market structure (HHI) and the rural financial market performance (RFIR) two index as the object of study for quantitative analysis, the HHI coefficient, the greater degree of competition in the market is low, the smaller RFIR is deepening the market lower, this negative correlation, competition degree of rural financial market in Heilongjiang Province, the higher the more able to deepen local financial market, whereas, the degree of competition of rural financial market in Heilongjiang province is lower the more hindered the local financial market deepening.The rural financial service system at home and abroad to provide us with a lot of beneficial enlightenment.This study summarized the rural financial development better foreign countries and domestic developed parts of the main methods of the rural financial development and successful experience. Selected the representative of the United States, Germany, France, Japan, India and other countries of the rural financial system, as well as the home of jiangsu province, sichuan province, jilin province, the main methods of guangdong province in the aspect of development of rural financial, as rural finance study, the reference to an instance of the heilongjiang province development.Draw the following conclusions:the needs of rural economic development of rural financial service system sound; law and government service is an important guarantee of financial support for agriculture; profit is the intrinsic motivation of commercial bank supporting; standardized and effective regulatory environment is sustainable financial support of agriculture; based on the market way to promote financial supporting agriculture.On the basis of previous research, we put forward countermeasures to improve the rural financial development in Heilongjiang province. Divided into six aspects:the first is to perfect the rural financial system in Heilongjiang Province, including the promotion of agricultural development, rural credit cooperatives, commercial banks, postal savings bank in the deepening and innovation of rural financial services; second is to encourage and promote the development of new type of rural financial institutions, mainly for the development of rural micro credit to create conditions and provide support; third is the folk loan to solve the problem of rural non formal finance, both to resolve regulatory risk and guide its moderate development; fouth is to perfect the rural credit system, to provide data support for the innovation of rural financial service support. The fifth is to improve the agricultural insurance system, including legislation, administration, business involvement, capital market so as to promote the development of agricultural insurance in Heilongjiang province. The sixth is the monitoring system of rural finance in Heilongjiang Province, to prevent the risk in the innovation of rural financial services.The innovation of this research is mainly reflected in the following aspects:the first is the empirical research method, to obtain the basic data of Heilongjiang province in the rural financial demand research, through the model analysis, characteristics of rural financial demand of farmers to make further analysis. The second is the empirical analysis conclusion through the research of relationship between financial performance and market structure:in the formal financial supply in rural financial market of Heilongjiang Province, belongs to oligopoly market, Beh Finn Dahl index (HHI) and rural financial interrelation ratio (RFIR) was negatively related to. The third is based on the conclusion of the study, the reference of foreign experience, the current situation of rural financial market in Heilongjiang Province Based on the evolutionary path and policy advice to improve the system efficiency of rural finance market in Heilongjiang province is proposed.