Study On Stability Of Closed-loop Supply Chain Under Uncertain

The closed-loop supply chain is a highly complex system, and its uncertainty problem is alsoprominent. CLCS is not only a system of rule by man because of various relations among eachnode, but also an autonomous system because of feedback control systems such as inventorysystem. Therefore, the uncertainty problem of CLCS can be discussed from two aspects:1)supplychain relationship level, discuss the influence of uncertainty on the relationship between each nodein CLCS;2)supply chain operational level, discuss the influence of uncertainty on the operation ofthe topological structure of CLCS, especially inventory system.Researches on uncertainty problem have two directions: one is to study how to achievesystem optimization under uncertainty, namely, uncertainty optimization; another is to study howto keep system stability under uncertainty. Stability is the inherent nature of the system. However,the literatures on uncertainty problem of CLCS are concentrated on uncertainty optimization, andthe research on supply chain stability under uncertainty is relatively less. This thesis study thestability of CLCS under uncertainty from supply chain relationship level and supply chainoperational level, focuses on alliance stability of CLCS under uncertainty, operation stability ofCLCS multi-level inventory system, and reverse logistics interference recovery (stabilityrecovery):1. In discussing the alliance stability under uncertainty, a CLSC composed of a manufacturerand two price-competing retailers and two price-competing third party recyclers is researchedunder random demand and random recovery. The paper discusses the different market dominantpower (manufacturer Stackelberg, retailer Stackelberg, or manufacturer-retailer Nash) anddifferent type of alliance how to influence the CLSC optimal decision-making. And research theinfluence of uncertainty on the stability of retailer price alliance and third party recycler pricealliance by discussing the ratio of profit distribution of each member. Research shows that,1)environmental uncertainty has significant effect on the stability of the pricing alliance. Regardlessof the market dominant power, with the increasing uncertainty of recovery, the stability of retaileralliance and third party recycler alliance increase. But the stability of third party recyclers isstronger than retailer alliance;2) the stabilities of retailer alliance and third party recyclers allianceare different under different market dominant power. The stability degree of retailer alliance ishighest in retailer Stackelberg, lower in manufacturer-retailer Nash and lowest in manufacturersStackelberg. And the stability degree of third party recycler alliance is highest inmanufacturer-retailer Nash, lower in retailer Stackelberg and lowest in manufacturers Stackelberg.2. Futher study on the influence of government subsidies on alliance stability underuncertainty. Within random demand and random recovery, research on different ratio ofgovernment subsidies how to influence each members’ optimal decision and the stability of retailer alliance and third party recycler alliance when government subsidy affect recoveryquantity of third party recycler and remanufacture quantity of manufacturer. Finally design agovernment subsidy mechanism to achieve the recovery decision of maximizing benefit ofeconomy and environment. Research shows that,1) taken together, manufacturers and third partyrecyclers always have dominant profits proportion when government subsidies affectingthemselves; and retailers always have dominant profits proportion when none of governmentsubsidies. Therefore, government subsidies enhance the stability of third party recycler alliancebut weaken the stability of retailer alliance;2) with the city development, the unit ofenvironmental benefits of remanufacturing will increase, and the ratio of government subsidies onencouraging enterprises to select recycling decision based on maximizing economy-environmentbenefits will increase. Therefore, government subsidies on recycling and remanufacturing shouldbe implemented as early as possible. It not only can develop remanufacturing industry, also cancontrol government finance expenditure at a low level, it is a "win-win" selection.3. In discussing the operation stability of inventory system, a CLCS multi-level inventorysystem composed of a retailer, a manufacturer, a raw material manufacturer and a third partyrecycler is simulated by system dynamics methods under demand step. And determine the stabilityconditions and stability area of this multi-level CLCS inventory system by simulating eleven mainparameters (type of delay function, adjustment coefficient of retail inventory, adjustmentcoefficient of manufacturer inventory, adjustment coefficient of raw material manufacturerinventory, adjustment coefficient of recycler inventory, delivery time, production time, rawmaterial production time, recycle processing time, rate of recycle material, rate of remanufacture).The research found,1) stability of inventory system is major correlated with the type of delayfunction;2) rate of remanufacture (V_r_c) has significant impact on the stability boundary ofrecycler inventory control loop. A different V_r_c leads to a different stability boundary ofrecycler inventory control loop. And the trend can be basically described as: with bigger V_r_c,the stability area of recycler inventory control loop is smaller.4. Further research on uncertainty optimization of node enterprise within the stability area ofCLCS inventory system. Select recycler inventory control loop as the research object,1)determine the distribution of Pareto optimal dots of stability indexes (ITAE, maximum orderovershoot) within the stability area;2) establish the recycler model by one parameter combinationrepresenting Pareto optimal dots in which ensures the optimal stability of system structure. Thisrecycler model is different from other model established by giving parameters in current literatures;3) transform fuzzy recovery uncertainty to fuzzy recovery price by the recovery effort factor, anddesign a simplex algorithm based on fuzzy simulation to optimize the recycler inventory modelwith fuzzy parameters.5. In discussing the disruption recovery (stability recovery) in reverse logistics, put thevehicle maintenance as research objective and research the disruption caused by changes of timewindows and repair requirement from customers during vehicle maintenance. Propose disruptionrecovery strategy, disruption measure method, disruption recovery transformation and disruptionmanagement model based on the theory of disruption management. And by numerical example theresult from disruption management, the result from executing former plan and the result fromredistribution are contrasted. The contrasts show the validity of this disruption managementmethod minimizing system disruption on disruption recovery in reverse logistics.In this thesis, the main innovation can be summarized as the following three points:1. Aiming at the influence of uncertainty on CLCS alliance stability. Current researches onsupply chain alliance mainly concentrate on the deterministic environment and traditional supply chain, but with the development of cyclic economy the practical of CLCS alliance will increase.Reserching on CLCS alliance stability under uncertainty abound the research of supply chainalliances.2. Study on the operation stability of CLCS multi-level inventory system, and furtherresearch the uncertainty optimization of recycler inventory model within the operation stabilityarea. Existing literatures on inventory operation stability are mainly concentrated in the forwardsupply chain. CLCS is influenced by uncertainty deeply, and then researching on operationstability of CLCS multi-level inventory system has its practical significance. Further establish therecycler inventory model with parameters of operation stability index Pareto optimal within itsstability area. This recycler inventory model has more stability in system structure than othermodels established by given parameters directly.3. Introduce disruption management into disruption recovery (stability recovery) problems inreverse logistics. Disruption management minimizing the disruption of system catches the needsof modern supply chain. At present disturbance management rarely applied in CLSC or reverselogistics field. Actually repair process and after-sales service in reverse logistic are the links whichcan promote customer satisfaction and also the links which suffer the disruption due to customerreason. Therefore, it is realistically valuable to introduce disruption management into researchesof the disruption recovery problems in reverse logistics.