| Under the background of economic system transformation and social structure transformation in Xi’an, industrialization and urbanization were accelerated, and urban spatial structure constantly was reconstructed, thereby causing new urban poverty space also constantly was reconstructed in Xi’an. In this process, "dislocation" and "uncoupled" state became increasingly prominent between new urban poverty space and urban space. Urban space interests of the poor gradually was marginalized, leading to new urban poverty space became more fragmented and complex, and mismatched between needs of new urban poverty population and urban space resource configuration. Therefore, needs of new urban poverty space should be always considered in development process of urban space, coordinated development and harmonious development of new urban poverty space and urban space should be promoted in Xi’an.Xi’an that old industrial base of our country and first big city of northwest region was taken as example. Coupling pattern and mechanism of new urban poverty space and urban space was researched by questionnaires, interviews, field investigation, ArcGIS9.3 software spatial analyzes methods, statistical analysis methods and grey correlation analysis. New urban poverty space and development level of urban space in Xi’an were analyzed. Quantitative measurement index system coupling of new urban poverty space and urban space was build. At the same time, coupling pattern and mechanism of new urban poverty space and urban space was analyzes in Xi’an, finally regulation countermeasure to promotes coordinated development of new urban poverty space and urban space was proposed in Xi’an. Based on the above research, some conclusions were obtained.(1) Coupling of new urban poverty space and urban space was a new idea to research new urban poverty. A solid foundation of theory and practice for this paper was established by domestic and foreign scholars about urban poverty space and urban space, but degree of attention to interaction between urban poverty space and urban space was not enough at home and abroad, it was an urgent need for theory and practice that new urban poverty space and urban space must be move towards integration. Coupling and coordination of new urban poverty space and urban space must be finished based on angle of spatial coupling, thus poverty problem was effectively relieved.(2) Patterns of new urban poverty space and development level of urban space were sharp differently in Xi’an. New urban poverty population was composed of low income person on-the-job, poverty population in floating population, unemployed person, laid-off workers, retirees and jobless people from 1990 to 2013 in Xi’an. New urban poverty population was rise trend, but new urban poverty degree was fallen in Xi’an. New urban poverty population from inner city to suburban was rise, and distribution of old city and urban fringe region were relatively concentrated. Spatial distribution of new urban poverty level was heterogeneity at different spatial scales from 1990 to 2013 in Xi’an. Overall tendency of evolution was changed from "circle radiation+local nested" to "whole fragmentation+local accumulation". Distribution pattern of new urban poverty area was showed "radioactive radiation" from 1990 to 2013 in Xi’an. Center of gravity analysis showed that gravity center of new urban poverty degree moved slightly southwest from 1990 to 2000 in Xi’an, and gravity center of new urban poverty degree moved slightly northeast from 2000 to 2013 in Xi’an. Differences of moved distance and velocity were larger. Features performance of new urban poverty population were little difference between male and female ratio, getting younger, mainly local household registration, low qualifications, from serving low-income population as main body to non-working poor as main body, mainly to rental housing. Space pattern of urban space comprehensive benefit had significant difference and was unbalanced distribution from 1990 to 2013 in Xi’an. Center of gravity analysis showed that gravity center of urban space comprehensive benefit moved slightly southwest from 1990 to 2000 in Xi’an, and gravity center of urban space comprehensive benefit moved slightly northeast from 2000 to 2013 in Xi’an. Differences of moved distance and velocity were larger.(3) Coupling effect and pattern differentiation of new urban poverty space and urban space in Xi’an were significantly. The poverty degree of street was more severe, but the lower of comprehensive benefits from 1990 to 2013. There existed high correlation between new urban poverty space and urban space by gray correlation analysis method in Xi’an. Coupling degree of new urban poverty space and urban space respectively were 0.7890,0.8054 and 0.6649 in 1990,2000 and 2013 in Xi’an. Coupling of new urban poverty space and urban space were tightness and difference. Spatial distribution was heterogeneity in Xi’an. The number of high-level coupling type region was increased, but antagonistic coupling type region and low coupling type region still was hold larger proportion. Therefore coupling regulation of new urban poverty space and urban space was more urgent in Xi’an. Coupling regional types of new urban poverty space and urban space were divided 6 kinds in1990,2000 and 2013 in Xi’an, but coupling regional types were different.(4) Coupling pattern of new urban poverty space and urban space was the combined effect of multiple factors in Xi’an. Mechanism of coupling pattern of new urban poverty space and urban space mainly include promoting action of economic development, restrictive action of social structure, motivating action of system reform and guiding action of urban planning.(5) Coupling regulation of new urban poverty space and urban space should start with two sides:optimization of urban space and governance of new urban poverty space. In order to achieve objectives of coupling regulation that promotes optimization of urban space, effectively protect spatial interests of new urban poverty population and improve level of mutual fitness of new urban poverty space and urban space. Coupling regulation countermeasures of new urban poverty space and urban space were put forward from two aspects. Firstly, urban space was optimized through rational allocated urban spatial resources, improved level of economic development, developed mixed living space and perfect mechanism of social space planning was established. Secondly, new urban poverty space was, improved from government guidance, business assistance, community support, social involvement and personal improve.
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