| Objectives: To evaluate potential resolutions to current issues of two aspects of laser applications in urology: laparoscopic and endourologic surgery. Methods: Fresh canine kidneys and porcine ureters were harvested and subjected to thulium laser and femtosecond pulse laser, respectively. The former laser experiment was performedunder different combinations of laser powers and irrigation speeds; the latter was under various pulses and pulse energy. Results: in vitro model showed that low speed irrigation decreased smoke formation significantly (1/5 of base level, P<0.001) during thulium laser irradiation; femtosecond pulse laser incised ureter mucosa with an efficiency of 20-l00μm /sec and a collateral damage range of 0-100μm. Conclusion: Low speed irrigation could dramatically decrease smoke formation and improve surgical view during laser laparoscopic surgery; femtosecond pulse laser would meet the endourologic requirement for urinary incision, with markedly improved collateral damage in comparison with currently being used laser, such as holmium laser. |
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