Human Umbilical Vein Smooth Muscle Cells From Gestational Diabetes Mellitus Are Resistant To Induced Apoptosis Due To High BcL-2 Expression

ObjectDiabetes is a clinical syndrome induced by the inheritance and environment. With theimprovement of the living level and the development of industrialization, more and more peoplesuffer from the disease at present. In diabetic patients with coronary artery disease,blinding andfoot ulcers are higher than nondiabetic patients.Gestational diabetes mellitus(GDM) is a diseasefounded during the pregnancy.GDM is risk to the pregnant woman,fetal and infant.In diabetic patients are easily occurred a kind of vascular lesions,such as vascular intimamedia thickenness,atherosclerotic disease.Although many studies focusing on the pathogenicmachanizm of glucose in promoting vascular lesion formation have highlighted the proliferativeeffects of glucose on VSMC growth, more and more studies have demonstrated thatdysreglulated apoptosis plays a pivotal role in the pathogenesis and progression ofmacrovascular disease. Some evidences suggest that vascular remodeling in diabetic patientsinvolves a perturbation of the balance between cell proliferation and cell apoptosis. We analyzedintima media thickness in both of groups of GDM and NP patients and found that GDM patientsshowed a significant increase over NP patients in intima media thickness. Arterial remodeling ischaracterized by wall thickening. IMT is regarded as an early morphological marker ofatherosclerosis. This might be due to an increase in the proliferation rate and/or a decrease in theapoptosis or be due to an increase in the content of the extracellular matrix. For this reason,through this studies we want to find the reason why IMT of GDM patients is increasing and willhopeful lead to discovery of new targets for future therapy of the GDM.MethodsThirty GDM women enrolled into the study group, thirty normal pregnant women wereselected as control group, and all pregnant women were primiparae with single fetus. Umbilicalvein are obtained from delivery woman by cesarean operation. 1. VSMC were cultured,measurement of VSMC proliferation by using MTT. 2. Analysis the VSMCAbility of migrant by using transwell champer. 3. Analysis of collage in umbilical vein by usingVG staining. 4. Analysis VSMC apoptosis by using Flow cytometer. 5. Analysis the expressionof bcl-2 by using RT-PCR, Real-time PCR and Western blotting.Results1. Contrast with NP patients, IMT is a significant increase in GDM patients(187.56±2.62μmVS 102.45±1.25μm). 2. Contrast with NP patients, the ability of migrant of GDM VSMC isincreased(162.6±3.58 VS 50.6±3.51).When the nondiabetic cells exposed to high glucoselevels, they develop characteristics similar to those of diabetic VSMCs.3. The content of collage is no difference between GDM and NP patients.4. Contrast with NP patients, Overexpression of Bcl-2 in GDM VSMC.5. Contrast with NP patients, VSMC apoptosis reduced in GDM patient.Conclusion1. IMT is a significant increase in GDM patient suggests that GDM patients have an earlymorphological marker of atherosclerosis.2. Upregulation of Bcl-2 results in VSMC apoptosis reducing and transwell increasing inGDM patients, and contribute to the mechanisms that underlie vascular remodeling in GDMpatients.