Cancer Immuno-gene Therapy By Use Of Adenovirus-mediated Glucose-regulated Protein 94 (GRP94) Expression

Background: It has been shown that tumor associated glucose-regulated protein 94 (GRP94/gp96), a HSP90 family member, elicits both innate and adaptive immune responses and shows great promise as a tumor vaccine. However, current protein-based approaches require the availability of large quantities of tumor tissue, which are often not possible. In addition, the efficacy of many immunotherapies is often not ideal when used alone.Adenoviruses have been characterized extensively since their initial description. Replication-deficient adenoviruses are attractive vectors for cancer gene therapy and adenoviruses-mediated gene therapy has been proposed as an alternative treatment for advanced cancers.In this study, we explored the therapeutic efficacy of a combined adenovims mediated-GRP94 immunotherapy and radiation therapy strategy in the weakly immunogenic and highly metastatic 4T1 murine mammary cancer model.