| Optic nerve injury (ONI) is one of the most common complications in basilar fractures and is one of the major causes of blindness. Optic nerve, as part of the central nerve system, its ability of regeneration is very limited after injury. So far, there is no good therapy to this disease in clinical. Therefore, most research in neurobiology has been focused on promoting nerve regeneration and restoration. In recent years, along with the mechanism of ONI being lucubrated by scientists, a series of ways implied to treat ONI have been reported, such as the transplantation of periphery nerve, schwann cells (SCs) and olfactory ensheathing cells (OECs), also neurotrophic factors (NTFs) injection and so on. Although these investigations have made some progress, the treatments are still restricted by the source of cell transplantation , the immunological rejection of tissue and impermanency of curative effect.The tranplantion of neural stem cells(NSCs) have shown great potential and superiority in treating lots of CNS diseases, for instance, cerebrovascular diseases, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), parkinsonian syndrome (PD), spinal cord injury(SCI), the descend-sight caused by glaucoma and retinal ischemia-reperfusion. Possessing the potency of self-maintenance, self- renewal and multi-directional differentiation, NSCs can provide sufficient and perfect cell source for treatment. Based on previous research of cultivation and transplantation of NSCs, our research group successfully transplanted cultured NSCs in vitro into calibrated optic nerve crush injury model rats through the vitreous, observed transplanted NSCs integration and differentiation in the host retina, studied the change of the retinal ganglion cells (RGCs) and flare-visual evoked potential ( F-VEP) of the rats with optic nerve...
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