| The cancer that endanger the mankind's heai:seriously,have become the second factor only next to angiocardiopatliy. The occurrence of cancer is many stages caused by many factors,including initiation,promotion and progression. The malignant multiplication of cells resulting in the functional derogation of the important organs and extensive dissemination of tumor cells are main reasons that cause patient's death. Looking for from natural animals,plants the low poisonous,the high therapeutic effectiveness and anti- cancer effective compositions is still the studying hot point of the domestic and international cancer prevention and cure in recent years.Under the special geography and ecosystem environment of Xinjiang,there are abundant resources of the animals,plants and microorganism,and up to thousand special and edible plant. Pleurotes Sapidus is the special mushroom in Xinjiang of China. The prophase study showed that Pleurotes Sapidus contented abundant protein,carbohydrate,kinds of vitamin and mineral substances,and high content of polysaccharide. It could inhibit the growth of S180 cancer in mice. The present study intends to determine the antitumor effect of extractives from Pleurotes Sapidus,to analyze the functional components and probable antitumor mechanism using techniques of cell culture in vitro,phytochemistric separation,FACS and RT-PCR (reverse transcription-PCR) gene expressions related to apoptosis of tumor cells etc.1.Experimental study on the antitumor effects of pleurotes sapid us in vitroThe effect of Pleurotas sapidus on 4 kinds of tumor cell lines (Q3,MGC-803,Hela,SPC-A-1) and the effective elements were studied. Four kind tumor cell lines and normal rat liver cells line served as control were cultured in vitro. We investigated the effect of water extract or ethanol extract from Pleurotas sapidus with doses 10-1-10-6 kg/L,dissolvent control being normal saline and 7.5 % glycerine. A blank control was set up in each group. The survival rate and the protein content of the cultured cells were observed at 24 h. The effective elements were also analyzed in Pleurotas sapidus. The results showed that: There was a significant growth inhibition on the four carcinoma cell lines by 10"' g/ml dose of water extract and ethanol extract;(2) The growth inhibition on cultured cells by ethanol extract in different dose revealed different on tumor cells,especially in 10 ' g/ml dose. But no inhibited effect on normal liver cell was found. The results indicated that:The water or .ethanol extracts from Pleurotas sapidus can inhibit the growth of carcinoma cell lines,probably by inhibition of cell growth and protein synthesis.2. Analysis the efficient elements f ethanol extractive from Pleurotas sapidus.Qualitative determination of ethanol extractive from Pleurotas Sapidus was studied. It can be concluded from the results,In Pleurotas sapidus the antitumorous elements perhaps were polysaccharide,polypeptide,amino acid,organic acid and alkaloid etc,probably no tannoform,flavone,anthraquinone,cardiac glycoside,coumarin etc.4 kinds crystal were got from ethanol extractive by phytochemistric separating methods. 3 of 4 contented the same element - sorbite. 1 of 4 amino acid was determined,the results indicated:glutamic acid 0.56%,alanihe 0.33%,arginine 0.10%,aspartic acid 0.15%,valine 0.10%.3. Study on the molecular biologic mechanism of Pleurotas sapidus antitumor effectsExperimental study of MTT and HT were used to determine the antitumor effects of Pleurotas sapidus from inducing apoptosis of cancer cells. The results found that the incidence rates of apoptosis were remarkably increased after treated 12hr and 24hr by ethanol extractive (0.1g/ml) and water extractive (O.lg/ml) from Pleurotas sapidus (P<0.05,P<0.01).The effects of ethanol extractive and water extractive on expression of p53,Bcl-2 and Fas,which are genes related to apoptosis were examined by FACS and RT-PCR techniques. The results showed that the expression of p53 protein in the groups of ethanol extractive and water extr...
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