Studies On The Coupling Relationship Between Structure And Function Of Water Conservation Forests In Mountain Area Beijing

This study focused on the theoretical discipline of the realionship between structure and function of water conservation forest, and the structural characteristics of typical water conservation forest types in mountain Beijing by scientific methods. The realionship was researched from water and soil conservation in addition to improve water quality. The ideal structures of water conservation forest were advanced from stand level and watershed level. Furthermore, the management was proposed to protect and develope water conservation forest in mountain area Beijing. The mainly study results as follows:(1) The study focused on the characteristics of whole distribution and typical structures of water conservation forest in moutain areas of Beijing. According to analized the structure of 18 typical forest stands, including the species structure, horizontal structure, vertical structure, quantitative indicators and standards.Conclusion that: uneven-aged, double layer and mixed structure were the key elements of forest structure. it is match that the structure of natural water conservation forest. However, the structure of same age, single and pure forest most in artificial plantation in mountain areas of Beijing.(2) The coupling models were established from stand level and watershed level to describe the relationship between structure and function of water conservation forestin mountain area of Beijing. In the stand level, the coupling model was established using seven key factors (species composition-x1, age-x2, origin-x3, density-x4, level-x5, biomass-x6, thickness of soil-x7) which had proposed after extensive research. The stand coupling model of water conservation forest: Founction of soil conservation (Y1): Y1=0.143X1+0.226X2+0.233X3+0.207X4+0.209X5+0.240X6+0.105X7 Founction of water conservation (Y2): Y2=0.221X1+0.016X2-0.184X3-0.372X4+0.367X5-0.229X6+0.597X7 Founction of improving water quality (Y3): Y3=0.923X1+0.065X2-0.361X3-0.116X4-0.123X5+0.122X6-0.404X7At the same time, using "structure tree"to describe the whole structure of stand factors which established from ECIWO biology.In the watershed level, the coupling model was established using three key factors (age structure, the proportion of forest area, spatial distribution) with principles of Landscape Ecology. The watershed coupling model of water conservation forest:(3) The ideal structures were established from the stand level and the watershed level for water conservation forests in mountain areas of Beijing. Firstly, according to study dynamic changes of the elements structures in succession about natural and artificial forest, then summarized regular patterns;at the same time.based on the study of Coupling Relationship between structure and function of water conservation forest established the ideal structures from the stand level and the watershed level. The ideal structures from the stand level: uneven-aged, double layer and mixed structure, and trend to natural forest. The watershed level followed the same principle, that is double layer patches, uneven-aged forest well-distributed and to build up different forest patches in watershed. Last, the management guidelines should focus to imitate the natural forest structure for water conservation forests in mountain area Beijing.