| F.cirrhosa was a perennial species belonging to Fritillary in Lilium.Chinese Pharmacopoeia(2005) accepted F.cirrhosa as the traditional medicine on relieving coughs and eliminating phlegm.The sharp increase in market demand pushed wild plants to the brink of extinction.So conservation on F.cirrhosa stared us in the face.This article did some research work in resources investigation,analysis on the adaptive cultivated area,descriptors and data Standard,ecophysiology,biological identification through DNA barcodes and construction of cDNA libraries,which established bases on sustainable utilization.We put forward protective strategies for F.cirrhosa according to analysis on threatened mechanisms.At last,some conclusions were achieved from our work.1.F.cirrhosa distributed in Chuanxi altiplano of China and mainly produced in Ganzi state in Sichuan province.The Traditional Chinese medicine adaptability analyzing system(TCMGIS) based on GIS can output the matched areas of climate comparability linked with "daodi" characteristics in F.cirrhosa in scientific and accurate way,which could benefit regulating distribution of cultivated areas.Medicinal Fritillaries were divided into three parts including northwestward produced area,middle and east produced area and northeastward area.Analysis on different species between alkaloid and environmental factors revealed that there was significant relativity.2.The results of ecophysiological research indicated that F.cirrhosa did not encounter stressful environment.Path analysis showed that photosynthetic photon flux density (PPFD),air relative humidity and air temperature were key ecological factors which greatly effected growth of F.cirrhosa in reintroduction.F.cirrhosa protected photosynthetic reaction centres from damage by increasing non-photochemical quenching to dissipated redundant thermal.Each stage in life history of F.cirrhosa was sensitive to irradiance and only Denglonghua stage could grow well exposed to air. Shade could obviously increase net photosynthetic rate.Communities had a significant influence on physiological characteristics of F.cirrhosa:relative humidity,soil humidity and CO2 concentration were key factors.There was obvious relativity between photosynthetic rate and Fe,Cu,Zn,effective N in soil.Correlation analysis showed negative correlation between altitude and photosynthetic rate and gas conductance, irradiance and CO2 concentration were the most important factors.3.We firstly copied plant atavistic phenomena in nature and studied its mechanism. Results showed that the atavistic phenotype in F.cirrhosa was a ecological strategy against environment degression,which may help plant overcome abiotic stresses.4.We firstly used biological barcodes to identify medicinal Fritillaries.Data analysis indicated that single sequence could not distinguish them completely but combinatorial sequences TrnH-psbA+ITS2 could carry out the aim.In addition,we found there were similarities in taxonomy of Fritillary using phylogenetic analysis,analysis on the adaptive cultivated area,alkaloid kinds and gene location variation.5.Firstly,we constructed cDNA libraries with F.cirrhosa bulbs in flowering stage and analyzed relative functional genes with bioinformatics.We found 1330 unigenes all together which included 8 genes associated with alkaloid biosynthesis,7 genes with growth,23 genes with environment stress,and 16 pathogenesis-related genes.Those genes provided information for studying their functions,improving quality of medicinal materials and improving the level of cultivation.In addition,there were 165 EST undiscovered in other species.6.We considered that F.cirrhosa was threatened due to fragmentized habitats,excessive wild collection,and its own weak physiological competitive ability such as degressive old makeup,low bourgeoning rate and narrowly distribution.Protective strategies were put forward to carry out sustainable utilization:in situ conservation and ex situ conversation.
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