Systematic Studies On Trichogrammatidae And Mymaridae From Hainan (Hymenoptera: Chalcidoidea)

This paper comprised 3 parts: General account, geographical distribution and fauna components of trichogrammatids and mymarids in Hainan and taxonomy part.In General part, the taxonomy history, morphology, research status of China, biology and apply in biological control, material and methods were briefly reviewed. In the second part, the general geographical features of Hainan was described and the characters of geographical distribution and fauna component of trichogrammatids and mymarids in Hainan were analyzed briefly.Characteristics of faunal components of Trichogrammatidae and Mymaridae in Hainan were summarized as follows: Oriental species were the most and widely distributed in both Trichogrammatiade and Mymaridae, the next were Endemic species, Widely-distributed species, Holarctic species and other species. Compared with Trichogrammatidae, the faunal components of Mymaridae well-proportioned, with smaller differences between Oriental species and Endemic species, and also have larger amount of other species. Mountainous region rich in Trigrammatidae genera and species while Lowland marginal rich in Mymaride genera and species.In the third part, the species based upon the examination of about 2, 000 slide-mounted specimens were consist of 25 valid genera and 51 species of Trichogrammatidae, including 11 species new to science, 3 genera and 6 species new record for China, 20 valid genera and 52 species of Mymaridae, among which, 15 species are new to science, 2 genera and 11 species are new record for China. In each genus the following information was given: generic synonymy; distribution;diagnosis; the historical review and the present species. A list of the genera and species new for China and new species are as follows.I. TrichogrammatidaeNew generic records for China: Burksiella De Santis, Chaetogramma Doutt, Pseuduscana Pinto.Species new to science: Haeckeliania platyoptera sp.nov., Trichogramma longiprocessa sp.nov., Trichogrammatoidea brevipenis sp.nov., Paracentrobia semifuscua sp.nov., Burksiella hirtipedis sp.nov., Chaetogramma longitricha sp.nov., Chaetogramma longifunicula sp.nov., Tumidiclava longipenis sp.nov., Uscana tenuiclava sp.nov., Uscana longitubus sp.nov., Uscana fuscigaster sp.nov.New species records for China: Paratrichogramma giraulti Hayat, Trichogramma flandersi Nagaraja, Brachygrammatella longiclava Khan, Pseuduscana sola Pinto, Tumidiclava longiclavata Yousuf & Shafee, Megaphragma mymaripenne Timberlake.II. MymaridaeNew generic records for China: Allanagrus Noyes & Valentine, Eofoersteria Mathot.Species new to science: Litus multicilis sp.nov., Allanagrus semipterus sp.nov., Schizophragma equifunicula sp.nov., Anaphes magniclavus sp.nov., Anaphes longitubus sp.nov., Arescon oligotrichus sp.nov., Arescon tenuipterus sp.nov., Eofoersteria reticula sp.nov., Ptilomymar sanyensis sp.nov., Stephanocampta longa sp.nov., Gonatocerus longitrichus sp.nov., Gonatocerus fuscus sp.nov., Gonatocerus longicapulus sp.nov., Gonatocerus digitus sp.nov., Gonatocerus brevitubus sp.nov.. New species records for China: Litus argentinus (Ogloblin), Litus cynipseus Haliday, Anaphes behmani Girault, Anaphes pullicrurus (Girault), Anaphes victus Huber, Gonatocerus devikulamus Mani & Saraswat, Gonatocerus shamimi Subba Rao & Hayat, Gonatocerus trialbifuniculatus Subba Rao, Gonatocerus sahadevani (Subba Rao & Kaur), Himopolynema haflongum Hayat & Singh, Himopolynema hishimonus Taguchi.Remarks on the New SpeciesThe host of all new species are unknown and all of them were collected by sweeping.1. Haeckeliania platyoptera, sp. nov.This new species is similar to H. nigra Lin, but can be easily separated from the later by the broader forewing, the undeveloped and short ovipositor, and the length of antennal segments. Material: Holotype:♀, Jianfeng Mountain, Ledong, Hainan, 25-II-2005, Zhang Li-xiang.2. Trichogramma longiprocessa, sp.nov.This new species is similar to T. artonae and T. longxishanense, but differs from the latter in the dorsal expansion of gonobase, not as a triangle. It differs from T. longxishanense by the central ridges reached the base of the gonobase, apex of dorsal expansion of gonobase close to apex of median ventral projection, and chelate structures out of the gonoforceps distinctly.Material: Holotype:♂, Limu Mountain, Qiongzhong, Hainan, 13-IV-2006, Li Wen-biao.3. Trichogrammatoidea brevipenis, sp.nov.This new species is similar to T. bactrae Nagaraja, but can be separated from the latter as following: the male genitalia gonobase broader, the apex of aedeagus not reach out of the gonobase, aedeagus longer than apodemes, the whole about 0.64x of hind tibia length.Material: Holotype:♂, Danzhou, Hainan, 6-V-2005, Zhang Duan-zhang.4. Paracentrobia semifuscua, sp.nov.This new species is similar to P. (P) cassidavora Subba Rao, but the new species has wide clava, which less two times as long as the combined lengths of pedicel and funicle including the anelli.Material: Holotype:♀, Jianfeng Mountain, Ledong, Hainan, 26-III-2006, Li Wen-biao. Paratypes: 1♀, Danzhou, Hainan, 6-V-2005, Zhang Duan-zhang; 1♂, Jianfeng Mountain, Ledong, Hainan, 25-III-2006, Li Wen-biao.5. Burksiella hirtipedis, sp.nov.This new species is similar to B. singularis Yousuf & Shafee, but can be distinguished from the latter by the slender club, broader forewing and ovipositor not arising from basal one-third of metasoma. Material: Holotype:♀, Danzhou, Hainan, 6-V-2005, Zhang Duan-zhang.6. Chaetogramma longitricha, sp.nov.This new species is similar to C. occidentalis Doutt, but can be easily separated from the latter as followings: the joint of premarginal vein and marginal vein light colored,forewing fringes longer, and the ovipositor not arising from basal metasoma. Material: Holotype:♀, Danzhou, Hainan, 6-V-2005, Zhang Duan-zhang.7. Chaetogramma longifunicula, sp.nov.This new species is similar to C. hisarensis Yousuf & Shafee, but differs from the latter in the slender antenna, 1 ring-like annellus, and the broader forewing.Material: Holotype:♀, Sanya, Hainan, 22-II-2005, Zhang Li-xiang.8. Tumidiclava longipenis, sp.nov.This new species is similar to T. sasniensis Yousuf & Shafee and T. minoripenis Lin. It differs from the former in the broader forewing and the base of forewing no fuscated area; it differs from the latter by the slender forewing and longer fringe.Material: Holotype:♂, Danzhou, Hainan, 7-XI-2005, Li Wen-biao.9. Uscana.tenuiclava, sp.nov.This new species is similar to U. setifera Lin, but it differs from the latter by the slender forewing, the longer fringe and the developed ovipositor about 1.67x of hind tibia length, while the latter only 0.62x. Material: Holotype:♀, Danzhou, Hainan, 7-XI-2005, Li Wen-biao.10. Uscana longitubus, sp.nov.The new species is similar to U. caryedoni in the forewing, while the new species has extremely longer ovipositor, which about 5x of hind tibia length.Material: Holotype:♀, Limu Mountain, Qiongzhong, Hainan, 13-IV-2006, Li Wen-biao.11. Uscana fuscigaster, sp.nov.This new species is similar to U. rugatus Lin, but it differs from the latter by the broader forewing, the developed ovipositor, and the tergum II to IV of metasoma brown。Material: Holotype:♀, Yunyue Lake, Danzhou, Hainan, 29-X-2005, Li Wen-biao.12. Litus multicilis, sp.nov.This new species is similar to L. camptopterus, L. usach and L. karapuz, but can be separated from them by the antenna funicle and clava segment, forewing shape, disk cilia on forewing and the fringe of forewing.Material: Holotype:♀, Limu Mountain, Qiongzhong, Hainan, 13-IV-2006, Li Wen-biao. Paratypes: 6♀♀, the same data as holotype.13. Allanagrus semipterus, sp.nov.This new species can be separated from other species of the genus by antenna segments, forewing shape ,fringe and ovipositor.Material: Holotype:♀, Jianfeng Mountain, Ledong, Hainan, 25-II-2005, Zhang Li-xiang.14. Schizophragma equifunicula, sp.nov.This new species is similar to S. parvula Ogloblin, but new species forewing broader distinctly, the front of the wing has a glabrous area, and the length of F3 is equal to F5.Material: Holotype:♀, Jianfeng Mountain, Ledong, Hainan, 26-II-2005, Zhang Li-xiang.15. Anaphes magniclavus, sp.nov. This new species is similar to A. longiclava (Doutt), but difers from the latter by followings: F4 shorter than F3 and F5 distinctly, and the sensila on the funicle is different.Material :Holotype:♀, Limu Mountain, Qiongzhong, Hainan,13-IV-2006, Li Wen-biao.16. Anaphes longitubus, sp.nov.This new species is similar to A. pallipes (Ashmead), but new species with two sensilla on F4, while the latter without. And new species has fewer disk cilia on forewing.Material: Holotype:♀, Yunyue Lake, Danzhou, Hainan, 20-VIII-2004, Lv Bao-qian. Paratypes: 4♀♀, Danzhou, Hainan, 7-XI-2005, Li Wen-biao; 2♂♂,Sanya, Hainan, 27-III-2006, Li Wen-biao.17. Arescon oligotrichus, sp.nov.This new species is similar to A. iridescens (Enock), but differs from the latter by the slender forewing, the distinctly fewer disk cilia of forewing, the position of the ovipositor rising and the rate of ovipositor to metasoma is different.Material: Holotype:♀, Limu Mountain, Qiongzhong, Hainan, 13-IV-2006, Li Wen-biao.18. Arescon tenuipterus, sp.nov.This new species is similar to A. oligotrichus, but can be easily distinguished by the narrower forewing, the less disk cilia, and the narrower disk cilia area below marginal vein.Material: Holotype:♀, Jianfeng Mountain, Ledong, Hainan, 26-III-2006, Li Wen-biao. Paratypes:♀, Jianfeng Mountain, Ledong, Hainan, 26-III-2006, Li Wen-biao, 1♂, Danzhou, Hainan, 18-V-1997, Chen Guang-fu, 1♂, Tunchang, Hainan, 2-V-2006, Li Wen-biao.19. Eofoersteria reticula, sp.nov.This new species can be separated from any other known species as followings: the length of antenna segments of E. camptopteroides Mathot and E. secunda Viggiani is different from the new species; while compared with E. vista (Gerald), the ovipositor is not as developed as the latter.Material: Holotype:♀, Jianfeng Mountain, Ledong, Hainan, 25-III-2006, Li Wen-biao.20. Ptilomymar sanyensis, sp.nov.This new species is similar to P. magnificum Yoshimoto, but the latter's areolate carinae located on the dorsal of tergum I, while new species'on the dorsal and ventral of the tergum I, and the latter with broad dark band below marginal vein, while new species without.Material: Holotype:♀, Sanya, Hainan, 27-III-2006, Li Wen-biao.21. Stephanocampta longa, sp.nov.New species differs from other species of the genus by the longer F2, the fewer disk cilia and the different color of the mesosoma and metasoma.Material: Holotype:♀, Jianfeng Mountain, Ledong, Hainan, 25-II-2005, Zhang Li-xiang.22. Gonatocerus longitrichus, sp.nov.New species differs from other species of the genus by the parallel front and hind of the forewing,the longer fringe. Material: Holotype:♀, Jianfeng Mountain, Ledong, Hainan, 25-II-2005, Zhang Li-xiang.23. Gonatocerus fuscus, sp.nov.The new species is similar to G. delhiensis (Narayanan & Subba Rao) and G. narayani (Subbao Rao & Kaur), but compared with the former, new species has shorter ovipositor, which only 1.17x of the hind tibia; while compared with the latter's brown vertex and brown band on mesosoma, new species with head and mesosoma all brown.Material: Holotype:♀, Jianfeng Mountain, Ledong, Hainan, 18-II-2005, Zhang Li-xiang. Paratypes:♀, Jianfeng Mountain, Ledong, Hainan, 18-II-2005, Zhang Li-xiang; 4♀♀, Danzhou, Hainan, 6-V-2005, Zhang Duan-zhang.24. Gonatocerus longicapulus, sp.nov.This new species is similar to G. pahlgamensis (Narayanan), but the new species has developed ovipositor, which projecting towards to the mesosoma.Material: Holotype:♀, Sanya, Hainan, 27-III-2006, Li Wen-biao.25. Gonatocerus brevitubus, sp.nov.This new species is similar to G. trialbifuniculatus Subba Rao, but new species bigger in size, all the antenna brown, and forewing broader.Material: Holotype:♂, Jianfeng Mountain, Ledong, Hainan, 18-II-2005, Zhang Li-xiang. Paratypes:♀, the same data as holotype.26. Gonatocerus digitus, sp.nov.The new species differs from other species of the genus by the tip of female clava prolonged into a digit.Material: Holotype:♀, Danzhou, Hainan, VI-2005, Zhang Duan-zhang. Paratypes: 2♀♀, Danzhou, Hainan, 30-X-2004, Lv Bao-qian; 1♀, Danzhou, Hainan, 7-XI-2005, Li Wen-biao.