Evaluation Of Ecosystem Services Of Xilingol Grassland Nature Reserve

Evaluation of ecosystem services was the people's concern in recent years.Xilin Gol Grassland Nature Reserve,located in Xilin Gol Grassland hinterland,is an important ecological barrier in north of China.The vegetation in protected areas showed varying degrees of degradation in recent years.The intensity of resources development and construction projects has significantly increased in surrounding area.Evaluation of ecosystem services can be further clarified ecological status of the Xilin Gol Grassland Nature Reserve and provided scientific basis for reasonable pricing and effective compensation of natural grassland.This paper as a guide by the theory of value of resources and the environment, sustainable development theory,relationship theory between people and land and external theory and other related theory.This paper used by the evaluation method of ecosystem services which proposed by Xie gaodi and others.This paper evaluated the ecosystem services of Xilingol Grassland Nature Reserve based on the date of TM remote sensing image in 1987,2000,2002 and 2005.The main research results as follows:1)Summarized the ecosystem services on the content and progress at home and abroad.Point out the existing problems and future development direction for evaluation of ecosystem services in Grassland Nature Reserve.2)Established index system of evaluation of ecosystem services of Xilin Gol Grassland Nature Reserve.Estimated the value of ecosystem services of different types of vegetation and different types of land use of Xilin Gol Grassland Nature Reserve in 1987,2000 and 2005.After synthesised both the assessment results,educed that the total value of ecosystem services of the study area in 1987,2000,and 2005 is respectively up to 64.46×108Yuan RMB,46.83×108Yuan RMB and 60.52×108Yuan RMB.Among them,indirect use value is nearly 16 times of the direct use value and grassland service is 17 times of non-grassland service.3)This paper established the dynamic models and transfer matrix of land-use and analysised the flow and profit and loss situation of the value of ecosystem services.The results showed that the total value of services lost about 3.17×108Yuan RMB in the study area from 1987 to 2005.The value of grassland services lost 2.91×108Yuan RMB, among them,grassland desertification and salinization lost 2.20×108Yuan RMB.The value of reclaiming grassland lost 0.42×108Yuan RMB.Reclaiming grassland, desertification and salinization are main reasons to reduce the service value of protected areas.4)This paper lead the concept of functional areas of Nature Reserve in the analysis of ecosystem services and analysis the changes in trends and extent of services value between core area of grassland and its buffer zone and the experimental area in surrounding.The results raveled that there is no obvious correlation between the changes of ecosystem services in Xilingol Grassland Nature Reserve and divided up to functional areas but related to the location,topography and the use strength of human,etc.5)This paper lead the space concept of Geography in the analysis of ecosystem services and display directly the change of space,trends and causes of ecosystem services by drawing the various current situation map and development changes picture.6)According to the analysis of the land-use changes in trends and rate in time and space,the reduce of ecosystem services in study areas have great relativity with the change of land-use and the impact of climate change to ecosystem services can not be ignored.