| Based on multi-factor orthogonal designed field experiment, analysis with big samples, the studies were conducted in two consecutive years (2003-2004) to determine the coupling effects and interactions of fertilizer application, irrigation and density manipulation on seed yield, yield components and quality parameters of 6 grasses species, Elytrigia smithii(Rydb) Nevski, Bromus inermis L., Dactylis glomerata L., Festuca arundinacea L., Phleum pratense L., and Psathyrostachys juncea Nevski, in Jiuquan, Gansu province. The main results indicated that:1. To the seed yield of the 6 grasses, the most productive seed yield component is fertile tillers m-2, except that of Phleum pratense L. is spikelets fertile tillers-2.2. Ridge regression models of the 6 species grasses indicated that, increase seed yield 0.2130-2.1876 kg/hm2when increase 1 unit of fertile tillers m-2 in a range of 9-1153, increase seed yield 0.1476-18.5038 kg/hm2, 7.1848-417.3830 kg/hm2, 3.201~330.912kg/hm2 and 20.9589~466.325 kg/hm2, when increase 1 unit of spikelets fertile tillers-2, florets spikelet-1, seed numbers spikelet-1 and seed weight, respectively.3. The optimal technology on the seed yields of the 6 grasses were suggested as following: Festuca arundinacea L., applied nitrogen 204.83~218.56kg/hm2, applied phosphorus 135.04-128.45 kg/hm2, irrigation 85.36~85.52mm, time of applied fertilizer is at the time of stem elogation, plant density at 404× 104shoots/hm2; Elytrigia smithii(Rydb) Nevski: applied nitrogen 160-164.9 kg/hm2, applied phosphorus 105 kg/hm2, time of applied fertilizer is in last autumn, plant density at 429.4-450×104shoots/hm2, spraying plant regulator PP333, 0.197-0.233 a.i. kg/hm2; Phleum pratense L.: applied nitrogen 98.82~83.07kg/hm2, applied phosphorus 69.96-62.28 kg/hm2, irrigation 84.08~85.89mm, time of applied fertilizer is in last autumn, plant density at 458 X 104shoots/hm2; Bromus inermis L.: applied nitrogen 212.6~220.98kg/hm2, applied phosphorus 131.10-105 kg/hm2, irrigation 91.31~94.74mm, time of applied fertilizer is in last autumn, plant density at 169×104shoots/hm2; Psathyrostachys juncea Nevski: applied nitrogen 209.31 kg/hm2, applied phosphorus 140.92 kg/hm2 kg/hm2, irrigation 75.67mm, plant density at 184×104shoots/hm2; Dactylis glomerata L.: applied nitrogen 229.49-246.3 kg/hm2, applied phosphorusl 50.69-179.94 kg/hm2, irrigation 87.53~70.77mm, time of applied fertilizer is at the tillering time, plant density at 355.3-430.9×104shoots/hm2, spraying plant regulator PP333, 0.21-0.22 a.i. kg/hm2;4. The effect of nitrogen is more productive than phosphorus on Bromus inermis L. seed yield, where as phosphorus is more than nitrogen on Phleum pratense L. seed yield; Nitrogen and phosphorus is synergistic type response to the yields. For the highest seed yield, the factors can be adjusted according to the equilibrium equation of nitrogen and phosphorus effects.5. Applied nitrogen is the first effective factor in terms of effect on Elytrigia smithii{Rydb) Nevski and Dactylis glomerata L. seed yield, and density of planting, spray PP333 are following;6. For Psathyrostachys juncea Nevski seed yield, the effects of applied fertilizer is more than ofirrigation, and the effect of irrigation is antagonistism type response to the yield;7. In jointing-heading period, the effects order on Elytrigia smithii(Rydb) Nevski seed yield of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium content in root and shoot as: phosphorus in root> potassium in root>phosphorus in shoot> potassium in shoot> nitrogen in shoot> nitrogen in root, On whole, the order is phosphorus >potassium>nitrogen; where as the effects order on Phleum pratense L. as: nitrogen in root >phosphorus in root>potassium in root>potassium in shoot>phosphorus in shoot>nitrogen in shoot, On a whole, the order is potassium>phosphorus>nitrogen; where as the effects order on Dactylis glomerata L. as: potassium in root> phosphorus in root> phosphorus in shoot> potassium in shoot> nitrogen in root>nitrogen in shoot, On a whole, the order is potassium>phosphorus>nitroge... |
PDF Full Text Request