| Chinese shrimp, Fenneropenaeus chinensis, was used as a material to study in this study. The selection and use of different diets in Chinese shrimp was investigated and the dietary factors which affected the energy budget and body composition of Chinese shrimp significantly were also analyzed. The effects of different feeding levels on the growth, energy budget, and body composition of Chinese shrimp were studied. A study on the effects of different diets and feeding levels on the molt of Chinese shrimp was conducted. The different combinations of natural diets and formulated diet were used to study their effects on the growth and food conversion efficiencies. The apparent specific dynamic action (SDA) was studied in an experiment using methods of calculating from oxygen consumption and reckoning from energy budget. These studies were not just revealing the physical and ecological function of feeding behavior of Chinese shrimp. There were some innovations on experimental methods. Furthermore, the results of these studies were instructional to diet formulating, processing, and feeding in shrimp culture industry.The primary results of these studies were listed below.1. Selection and use of different diets in Chinese shrimpA 30-day feeding experiment was conducted to investigate the dietary selectivity in Chinese shrimp, Fenneropenaeus chinensis. Six groups of shrimp with initial body weight of 1.530?.047g (mean盨D, n=6) were used, in which the first five groups were fed to satiation with single diets of Fish Flesh (FF)-the flesh of sardine (Sardinella zunasi), which was got rid of head, scales, fins, bowels, and bones; Shrimp Flesh (SF) -the flesh of a small size shrimp (Trachypenaeuscurvirostris), which was got rid of head and shell; Clam Foot (CF) - the foot of clam (Ruditapes varigatd), which was cut from the clam; Polychaete Worm (PW) - Neanthes japonica worm; Formulated Diet (FD) - a commercial sold shrimp diet (Sea-Horse Brand; Producer: Fujian Mawei Unite Feed Ltd. Co., China; Ingredients: bean powder, fish powder, shrimp powder, compound vitamines, and compound minerals); and the last group received a mixed diet (MD) - the feeding trials were conducted simultaneously and shrimp were fed to satiation. The specific growth rate (SGR), food intake (FI), food conversion efficiency (FCE), and apparent digestive ratio (ADR) were determined. The results showed that specific growth rates of dry weight, protein and energy (SGRd, SGRp, and SGRe,) were highest in the MD fed group, food conversion efficiencies (FCEa, FCEp and FCR.) were highest at PW fed group. Food ingestion in terms of dry weight, protein, and energy were significant higher in CF and MD fed groups than others. The highest ADR was observed in CF fed group. In mixed diet feeding group, percentages of the five ingested diets to the total ingested amount based on dry material, protein, and energy were: FF-13.07%, SF-9.60%, CF-46.45%, PW-30.88% and FD-0%; FF-15.56%, SF-11.44%, CF-45.09%, PW-27.91% and FD-0%; FF-13.66%, SF-10.48%, CF-44.00%, PW-31.86% and FD-0%, respectively. This indicates that Chinese shrimp possess the ability to discriminate different diets. The optimal foraging strategy of Chinese shrimp in this experiment was to gain energy as much as possible in order to meet energy needs of variable physiological activities under the premise of maximizing growth. Additionally, the protein sparing effect of dietary FTP ratio and lipid content was also observed in this experiment.2. Effects of different diets on the energy budget and body biochemical composition of Chinese shrimpFive diets of fish muscle (FF), shrimp muscle (SF), clam muscle (CF), clamworm (PW) and formulated diet (FD) and mixed of them (MD) were fed to Chinese shrimp weighed 1.530?.047g for 30d. It was found that the model of distribution of ingested energy changed according to different diets and significant difference exists between different treatments. All of the moisture, protein, lipid, ash content, and gross energy content of different diets fed shri... |
PDF Full Text Request