| Supergenesis is the earth's surface change of rock and mineral, which take place in weathering crust, earth biosphere and hydrosphere. The component of atmosphere and hydrosphere carries through material and energy exchange and geochemistry process. Weathering crust is the important interface, which connects with earth geosphere, hydrosphere, biosphere, pedosphere and atmosphere, and is also the important contents which supergenic physiognomy studies. Rock weathering and soil-formation is very slow process so supergenic study on rock weathering has great localization. Purple mother rock is provided with particular scientific charming, because it has the quality of the fast weathering soil-forming, the high contents of mother material fertility, severe wash and so on. And its development soil inherits the quality of mother rock for example the color, physical character, mineral compositions, etc. So purple soil is endowed with the praise - a famous soil scientific research sacred place. But the most former studies focused on such a certain aspect as purple mother rock weathering physical particle size change, weathering fragmentation soil-forming, nutrient fertility and so on, and lacked study on the modern supergenic process of purple mother rock from the "rock- soil-environment (ecological)" systemic and dynamic angle.There are wide purple rock outcrop and purple soil distributing in the upper reaches region of the Yangtze River and Sichuan Basin. The particular weathering soil-forming process of the purple mother rock and the unique quality of the purple soil had great influence upon environmental safety, economic and social sustainable development in purple rock area. Study on the modern supergenic quality and influence of the purple mother rock proved up the modern supergenesis mechanism, forecasted supergenic process environmental risk and provided with scientific basis for ecological, economic and social sustainable development in water body environment of Three Gorges and purple rock area. From the angle of agricultural soil, ecological environment and geological action, and from a whole "rock→soil→environment(ecological) system study, by the experimental material of the Jjp, J3s, J2s and T]f purple mud rock or shale and its development soil, we used the experimental method of simulation, dynamics, etc. and thoroughly studied the five aspects of purple mother rock modern supergenic process. The first aspect was purple mother rock weathering smashes, weathering soil-forming, its nutrient release quality and influencing factors. The second aspect was that purple mother rock and soil nutrient affected environment and forecast analysis. The third aspectVIcontained the physical chemistry character and change laws of purple mother rock and soil. The fourth aspect involved the quality of purple mother rock-organic material and purple soil organic material. The fifth aspect was that utilization method and soil management exerted influence upon purple soil nutrient, moisture, and soil and water conversation synthetic fertility. The results showed that:1. Purple mother rock weathering soil-forming characteristicsThe result of pot simulation weathering showed that 2.25%~51.7% of purple rock developed to small particles and 0.30%~6.18% to soil after one year weathering. 4.72%~70.50% of purple rock developed to small particles by disturbing twice and 0.69%~24.84% to soil in one year. By the 20癈 change 10.65%~75.20% of purple rock developed yearly to small particles and 2.10%~39.74% to soil. 60.54%~80.81% of purple rock developed to small particles and 32.24%~42.34% to soil under 12% of moisture circumstances in one year. 16.23%-78.34% of purple rock developed to small particles and 7.51%~43.94% to soil given biological circumstances (rotation of ISwheat plants and 9 jowar plants ) in one year.Different weathering circumstances had different influence upon small particles developed from four kinds of purple rock. The influencing sequences were: temperature change>disturbance >biological action i... |
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