Research Of Key Technologies Of Multispectral, Hyperspectral Imaging Detection

Multispectral/hyperspectral imaging detection technology is one of the new generation of photoelectric detection technologies which can use multispectral/hyperspectral image data with different levels of spectral resolution to discriminate targets. It has significant applications in many fields of detection technologies such as material identification, anormaly detection, false-target discrimination, backgrounds suppression.Development of small size, practical imaging spectrometers and research of their detection abilities and relevant detection methods are the leading trends in the future. These mentioned technologies are the key research contents in this paper, which are:1. A integrated radiative transfer model is researched considering characteristic of target infrared radiation, the effect of atmospheric transmission, characteristic of energy transmission of dispersive spectrometer, performance parameters of the infrared detector array, as well as data communication. The parameters of spectral resolution and detection range of the imaging spectrometer are analyzed according to the radiative transfer model. Selecting infrared emissivity data of several typical ground objects, the performance parameters of the state-of-the art uncooled microbolometer FPA, utilizing LOWTRAN code to generate the atmospheric transmittance, the value of spectral resolution of a LWIR dispersive imaging spectrometer is calculated based on an uncooled microbolometer FPA.2. A ground scene modeling method is researched based on multispectral or hyperspectral image data in VIS/NIR band. A combined strategy of unsupervised and supervised is put forward to efficiently solve the auto-matching and marking of pixels. The method is verified by RGB images. Simulation images in four LWIR bands are generated after pixels segmentation and infrared emissivity assignment. The respective characteristis of multispectral and hyperspectral image data in pixel classification and matching are pointed out. In simulation results, the difference between targets and backgrounds are observed. Using the index of SCR to evaluate the detection performance, it is shown that the detection performance can be effectively improved in certain narrow spectral band.3. A small size, four bands multispectral imaging experimental optical facility is constructed based on the optical technique of imaging surface division, taking advantage of the tools of optical simulation. Using the designed multispectral imaging experimental optical facility, the research experiments of discrimination of targets with similar colors are carried out. Using the clustering technology to analyze multispectral image data, the result shows that color similar targets can be reliably discriminated by multispectral data.