Research On Aesthetic Assessment Of Landscape Of Scenic Highway And Design For Environment Protection

The highway from Chuanzhusi to Jiuzhaigou is a demonstration project of Ministry of Communications in Year 2003, which is known for the first scenic road since 50 years. From then on, road environmental protection and aesthetics is becoming a research field attracted lots of attention more and more. The traditional transportation function of road is not satisfied with road user, and other functions such as aesthetics, environmental protection, cultural characters and entertainment etc all become hot point cared by public and government. This is the background of this study.In this paper, firstly we assess the scenic highway landscape aesthetics by the Psychophysical methods; then we provide new ideas of context sensitive design and landscape sections design based on new ideas provided by Chuanzhusi to Jiuzhaigou demonstration project, and we develop highway environmental protection construction as one of the important content of CSD, provide the frame of the subject of road ecology. Finally, we provide the key technology of highway wildlife passage design. Conclusion is following:1. The average score of natural landscape aesthetic quality is higher than artificial landscape; however some artificial landscape gets high aesthetic scores, the former including water, forest, wild flowers, atmosphere and lawn, and the latter including farmland, some artificial buildings, plantation and billboard. The landscape owning characters including natural, vividness, varieties and uniqueness is preferred to that of entertainment, cultural and integrity characters. Wide viewshed is preferred by road user rather than narrow viewshed. Highway landscape composing of vivid elements such as colorful flowers has high aesthetics scores, and landscape of continuity character has higher aesthetic scores. Landscape perception groups is composed of landscape architecture, landscape students, common students and civil public, four groups have similar aesthetic perception, while they have difference, that is aesthetic opinion of landscape architecture is similar, other groups is wave, and landscape architecture prefer natural landscape to artificial landscape. The impact of sex, specialty and degree on landscape aesthetic perception is not prominence. Road landscape aesthetics quality is significant correlate with those indexes including character of roadside artificial architecture, the distance between road and artificial architecture, the harmony level between architecture and surroundings, the covering level of roadside vegetation, landscape texture, the amount of roadside water, the types of roadside vegetation, landscape diversity, the depth of view, the landscape intactness, landscape vividness, the character of atmospheric phenomena and proportion of road in view. The assessment model only consists of the diversity level of roadside vegetation and landscape intactness.2. The idea of Context sensitive design can be apply through all stage of road construction. The excellent success of Chuanzhusi to Jiuzhaigou scenic road construction is such: flexibility to make use of design standard and guideline, comprehensive functions of road corridor is embodied obviously, multidisciplinary experts panel to guide through all stage of road construction and deeply study the road landscape aesthetics. A new research field named"road ecology"is provided, including subject schedule and conception system.3. New idea of road landscape section design is provided, we divided road landscape into landscape characteristic section, landscape transition section and landscape characteristic point. At least one landscape aesthetic character is embodied in landscape characteristic section, while none requirement in landscape transition section. The length of either is not a fixed number; approximately 3km can be applied among landscape monotony area, approximately 10km or more among mountain area. Landscape characteristic points can distribute in landscape characteristic section or landscape transition section, while we advice landscape architecture should make possible divide landscape characteristic point into landscape characteristic section in practice.4. Based on summarizing design methods and guideline of road wildlife passage in ecological sensitive area in western developed countries, we take Wolong natural preserve as research area, firstly we identify road wildlife passage location by surveying locate, expert consultation, questionnaire etc, then we provide key technology of different category wildlife passage, including: wildlife passage planning, design interior, design exterior, management and inspect etc.The innovation contents of this paper is to provide quantitative assessment method of road landscape aesthetics, and the idea frame of highway landscape planning and design from angle of both holistic and partial, and provide design key technology of highway wildlife passage. A point deserving attention, which is this paper systemically provides the planning of developing the subject of road ecology in China.