Study On Integrated Design Optimization Of Satellite Constellation

In the recent years, there has been an explosion of interest in utilizing constellation to complete some space missions. Constellation design is the premise of the deployment and operation of satellite constellation system. A fine constellation design solution can not only achieve the overall balance among various performances that often compete with each other, but also contribute to coordination work and long-term stable operation of the system. The concept of integrated design optimization of constellation configuration was first addressed, which is to realize the design optimization and trade-off between multi-criterions influenced by the space geometry configuration of the constellation. Then, the main performance measurements and the boundary conditions with respect to the configuration of constellation were investigated. Finally, the integrated optimization method to realize the design optimization of constellation was put forward to realize the global design optimization of constellation considering multi-criterions. Based on this research, the integrated design optimization of constellation system including configuration of constellation and satellite was studied.The relationship between the space and time arrangement of satellites in constellation and the system performance was presented including the property of coverage, cooperation and information transmission, the performance of system operation and maintenance including robustness and stability as well as the special performance of typical constellations and so on. Several kinds of constellation description models were established. Then the trade off between various properties influenced by constellation configuration was analyzed.Considering that the self-contained ISL (Inter-Satellite Link) is the important part of constellation, the constructing criterion and the optimization design method of ISL were researched. The basic geometry relations of ISL were obtained by analyzing the Walker constellation spatial structure and relative motion of satellites. The criterions for the constellation full connectivity were given and the design process of ISL was demonstrated finally.A SBMR (Space Based Mulitistatic Radar) conception was put forward. The performance of SBMR system with respect to the site arrangement was analyzed. Subject to the basic- satellite orbit configuration, the region of big bistatic angle beneficial to the detection of target of small RCS, the relationship between flight geometry and the spread of bistatic radar Doppler frequency, the position accuracy of tri-satellite T/R-R~2 position system were thoroughly studied. The optimized design of configuration of constellation was studied concerned with any one of the above three figures of merit. The analysis models and some results of the SBMR were given which were needed by the integrated design of SBMR constellation.The optimization method to solve the problem of the integrated design optimization of constellation configuration was studied which can expand the domain of optimization objective and constraint. Considering that the design of constellation has some particular properties such as including many kinds of variables, the performance measurements computed by digital simulation, no gradient information and so on, the integrated optimization model was established based on the evolution algorithm. To deal with the complex constraints, a set of effective constraint handling methods including adaptive sequence constraint boundary method and constraint neighbor region repel strategy were put forward. Other optimization strategies were proposed such as organization and preprocessing of constraints, adaptive partition optimization strategy in view of the big computation expense and long design and so on. The basic procedure of this method was given. This method was applied to some design missions of typical constellation, including the regional and global coverage SBMR constellation, global navigation constellation and so on. The design results show that the method is effective to the complex design optimization problem of satellite constellation configuration which needs to deal with many complex design factors, continuous and discrete variables without gradient information.The integrated design optimization of satellite constellation system was demonstrated by introducing the SBR (Space Based Radar) constellation design. By analyzing characteristics of the cost model of a kind of space based active detection system, SBR system cost models, satellite design modes including main subsystem modes, reliability model and system performance analysis model were adopted and modified, which reflect the influence of the performance and cost imposed by the SBR netted and distribution architecture. Then the constellation system design was decomposed into four sub problems. The design structure matrix was established and the coupling relationships among these sub problems were analyzed. Finally, the integrated optimization design of the constellation system was implemented through using the collaborative optimization that is a multidisciplinary design optimization method as the design architecture. The optimizers were designed according to the property of each sub problem so that everyone can be analyzed by itself and executed its own appropriate optimizer. The analysis model and optimizer of the sub problem of constellation configuration come up from the integrated design optimization of constellation configuration. The design result manifests the effectiveness of the model and method, which can reflect the characteristics of the operation concept of constellation system and search the system optimal solution of the integrated design problem that can keep the coupling property among subsystems and autonomy of each one at the same time.