Study On Heterogeneous Material Parts Deposition Manufacturing Technology

With the fast development of aviation technology, aerospace technology, bioengineering technology and microelectronic technology, the function requirement of materials and parts becomes more severe day by day and parts with single or homogeneous material hardly meet the requirement of the products. Thus we should design and manufacture parts according to the best use function of the parts to meet the functional graded and intelligent requirement of the parts. Looking into the 21st century, parts, which have heterogeneous structure and micro-mechanical structure to realize best organization of materials structure and parts function, will be the inevitable request of the development of science and technology.Because of the heavy demand of heterogeneous material parts, the design and manufacture of heterogeneous material parts become the focus of manufacturing industry. Rapid prototyping (RP) technologies manufacture functional complicated shape parts or models swiftly with one or multi materials by adding materials and no need for preformed mandrels or toolings, so they become one of the important ways to manufacture heterogeneous material parts. Fused deposition manufacturing (FDM) is one of the typical RP technologies. So it's very important to develop the potential ability of the FDM to manufacture heterogeneous material parts.Through different deposition density and orientation, heterogeneous material parts can be produced with needed mechanics property. The mechanics property of the heterogeneous parts can be analyzed by mechanics of composite materials. They are conveniently studied from two points of view: micromechanics and macromechanics. Macromechanics is the study of materials behavior wherein the material is presumed homogeneous and the effects of the constituent materials are detected only as averaged apparent properties of the composite. Micromechanics is the study of materials behavior wherein the interaction of the constituent materials is examined on a microscopic scale. The property of the macromechanics of the parts was obtained according to lamination theory. The property of micromechanics of one layer was obtained according to the manufacture parameters through homogenization theory.Screw extrusion type was choosen as the jetting method based on the analysis of every type of jetting technology. Based on analysis of the function of every component of ABS filament, rheological properties of melted ABS filament during extrusion from nozzle were studied in viscosity and elasticity aspect.