Theoretical And Laboratorial Studies Of Radiative Characteristics Of Soft X-rays From High-altitude Nuclear Explosions

Nuclear weapons are irreplaceable for their inviolable strategic status in modern military affairs. In recent years, much attention had been payed on nuclear bursts detonated in high-altitude atmosphere or outer space, sky-based detecting and warning of high-altitude nuclear bursts has become a hotspot in the field of nuclear monitoring. Researches on target radiation charicteristics and new detecting methods relevant to high-altitude nuclear bursts detecting in soft X-ray band, can be expected to lay important foundations for the development of sky-based nuclear monitoring system of the nation. It's a subject of great importance both practically and theoretically, and shows great strategic importance for the security of the nation. In this work, efforts are to be made on both the theoretical and experimental research of the soft X-ray characteristics of a high-altitude nuclear fireball, in order to seek for a new way for the detecting of high-altitude nuclear bursts, thus lay a foundation for future works.As to the theoretical and computational researchs, a formal solution of the initial particle numbers of reacting ions in a fusion device was given analytically first. Then, basing on the ignition conditions and the energy-balance principia of such a device, time and yield dependences of temperature, particle numbers, and pressure were deduced or evaluated. For a nuclear fireball with a given yield impulse, main parameters varying with time and burst height, such as the temperature, radius, and so on, were calculated quantitatively. With the corrections made on both the ambient atmospheric pressure and the optical thickness, the development laws of fireballs, which had been only applicable to low-altitude bursts originally, were now extended to high-altitude ones with success.As to the laboratorial simulations, comparabilities and similarities between a nuclear fireball and a laser plasma, and the soft X-rays from both, were analyzed in depth firstly. Subsequently, the rationalities of the simulation of the soft X-rays from a...