The Study Of Signal Processing Technology Based-on The Vector Array

It is well known that sound wave has both scalar quantity and vector field, while traditional acoustic pressure sensor system merely makes use of its acoustic pressure information. Vector hydrophone, also called combined sensor, is combined by traditional and omni-directional pressure hydrophone and natural dipole independent on frequency, which can co-locating and simultaneously measures pressure(scalar field) and particle velocity(vector field) of acoustic field. No doubt, the more the information, the better the signal processing effect will be. The technology on general acoustic pressure array had been used widely and vector array contains more information, so developing the technology of vector array based on technology of general acoustic pressure array will bring new life to the developments of signal processing of underwater acoustics signal processing and sonar technology, which is the main content of the thesis.Firstly, the thesis sets forth the physical fundamentals of the combined signal processing with acoustic pressure and particle velocity. For the signal radiation from one coherent source, its waves of acoustic pressure and particle velocity are identical, and are fully correlated, while in isotropic acoustic field, they are uncorrelated. For a single vector sensor, the particle velocity sensor bears dipole directivity, so acoustic pressure and particle velocity combined processing can form the single side directivity of arbitrary bearing, which is functionary to suppressing the coherent interference.For the uniform linear array, the technology of general acoustic pressure array beam-forming is reviewed in the thesis including time-domain and frequency-domain, on which the technology of vector array beam-forming is studied based. The output of vector array is acoustic energy flux different from general array. The thesis discusses several arithmetic of acoustic pressure and particle velocity combined processing. Comparing the directivity of vector arraywith that of general array, we know that the vector array has the performance in the division of the left-right, and the width of direct beam is narrower than that of general acoustic pressure array, which is very useful in practical engineering application. In addition, the thesis discusses the detector performance of vector array, knowing that the gain of vector array is bigger than that of general array. In a word, whether in estimator performance of DOA or detector performance of signal, vector array is excel to general acoustic pressure array.Finally, the thesis analyses the data of two trials in lake and sea, and estimator result of DOA and detector result of vector array and general array are presented, knowing that experiment result is basically consistent with theory result. The technology of vector array is new, so some content in the thesis is with eisegesis. The author hopes that it is useful to development of vector array.