| This paper was discussed in the following:1 Real-Time Diagnosis of Instantaneous Temperature of Combustion and Explosion Process by Modern SpectroscopyThe combustion temperature is one of important to express flame combustion and explosion characteristics.It will effectively guide the design and manufacture of new model explosives,industrial explosive materials,and weapons.The recent developments and applications of real time diagnostics of instantaneous temperature of combustion and explosion processes by modern spectroscopic methods,such as atomic absorption-emission method,atomic emission two-line spectroscopy,atomic emission multi-line spectroscopy, molecular rotation-vibration spectroscopy,coherent anti-stokes Raman scattering(CARS) and plane laser-induced fluorescence(PLIF),were reviewed in this paper.The maximum time resolution of atomic absorption-emission method is 40μs,The time resolution of atomic emission two-line spectroscopy can reach 0.1μs.These two methods can completely suit the need of real time and instantaneous temperature diagnostics of violent explosion and flame combustion.Other methods will also provide new effective research methods for the processes and characteristics of combustion,flame and explosion.2 Temperature and Electronic Density Measurement of the ECT Launcher Plasma by Atomic Emission SepctroscopyAt present,most scientists in the world use six copper neutral atomic lines of 510.554,515.324,521.820,529.250,570.020 and 578.213 nm to measure the temperature of the electrothermal chemical launcher plasma by Boltzmann polt.There are big errors up to 25%,or even higher.Famous scientists Bourham and Kohel think:"Departures from linearity in the Boltzmann polt may be due to self-absorption within the optically dense plasma or may result from inderently non-thermal populations in the radiating atomic states." Whereas we found in our study that such big errors were not because what they said, but because they took the wrong spectroscopic parameters,such as the transition probability, A,the statistical weight of upper level,g,and the energy of the upper level,Ei,of copper lines,on calculating temperature with the Boltzmann polt.We believe that the correct temperature measurement results with high level of significance could be achieved only when the spectroscopic parameters were selected and used correctly.In our study,the level of significance was increased from 89-94%to 98-99.5%,and the experimental error was decreased from±25%～30%to±6.5%.This discovery was accepted by famous scientist Bourham and was cited by a famous magazine 'Applied Physics Letters'.This work will provide a new train of thought and method in temperature measurement of electrothermal chemical launcher plasma.3 Spectroscopic Measurement of Temporal Temperature for Nonel Tube ExplosionThe paper reports atomic absorption-emission spectroscopy to measure temporal temperature of Nonel tube explosion and temperature-time distribution curve.The explosion temperature range is 2130 K～2200 K.The measuremental time resolution can reach 40μs.4 Combustion Temperature Measurement of Solid Propellant and the Effect of Organic Compound on Combustion Temperature by Remote FTIRThe superiority of theory of molecular rotation-vibration emission spectra for the temperature measurement was verified.The FTIR emission spectra in the spectral range of 4 500-700 cm-1 for the solid propellants were measured by a remote sensing FTIR system. The P-branch of fine structure of HCl fundamental band lying at 3.146μm was used for precise combustion temperature measurement of the solid propellant.The effect of the organic compound in the solid propellant on the combustion temperature was discussed.5 Error Analysis of Temperature Measurement by Boltzmann Plot in Atomic Emission Spectroscopy for a High-density Plasma Produced by Electrothermal Capillary DischargeThe present paper analysed in detail the reasons for the errors found in the literature when Boltzmann plot was used for the temperature measurement of a high-density plasma produced by electrothermal capillary discharge.The reliability of experiment can reach as high as 98%-99.5%and the error is only±6.5%when the spectroscopic parameters,such as transition probability A,statistical weight of upperlevel g,and the energy of upper level Ei,are selected correctly for the temperature measurement of a high density,plasma produced by electrothermal capillary discharge by Boltzmann plot in atomic emission spectroscopy. |
