| The eco-environment is an essential issue for existence and development of human society. It has become common understanding of people that taking way of sustainable development and protecting eco-environment. The effect of eco-environment deterioration has become a focus of debate worldwide. It is critical important to research on eco-environment change in the Qinghai-Tibet plateau that Influencing and corresponding with global climate change or global environmental change.Since the comprehensive development of western in china in the end of last century, the center of economy development began to inclined to the west, with the requirements of harmonious coexistence for economic development and ecological construction, the influence of the Qinghai-Tibet plateau's economic development on the eco-environment has arose more and more people's attention. Especially the Qinghai-Tibet railway' opened to traffic, it provides favorable conditions for the regional economy development and energy transportation, and it also initiated the contradiction between mineral resource exploitation and ecologic preservation. Since 1980's, global climate and eco-environment in the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau has changed significantly, a series of ecological problems such as glacier decreasing, permafrost degradation and soil erosion, etc. appeared in plateau. Dry up of the yellow river, deterioration of water quality and disasters occurring frequently in the Yangtze River basin have rung the alarm to Chinese nation.Therefore, it has become an urgent matter to make a scientific and reasonable regional development planning, understand systematically the mechanism of eco-environmental change in the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau. About comprehensive evaluation of eco-environmental change in the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau and region of river source has been promoted to a new level.The serious situation of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau ecology degeneration, energy exploration and mining, as well as crisis of water resource and contradiction of energy exploitation and ecology protection, all of them could not isolate from monitor, protection, and recovery of eco-environment in the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau, it has gradually showed the strategic importance of comprehensive evaluation of eco-environment and research of change. The paper takes the large scale of the whole Qinghai-Tibet Plateau as research object, according to the main eco-environmental problem of the study area, using RS/GIS technology and based on the thematic database of comprehensive assessment of eco-environment in the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau, with the combination of ecology, environics, statistics etc. using multi-angle, multi-methods, elucidating the comprehensive assessment on status and changes of eco-environment in the Qinghai-Tibet plateau between large-scale and mesoscale, analysis the entire change and characteristics of spatial heterogeneity of eco-environmental quality. The research provide a scientific foundation and theoretical support for regional sustainable development and eco-environmental protection, either provide an attempt of the eco-environment research at complex areas.The main contents are summarized as follows:1.Based on multi-source remote sensing data between 1970s and the beginning of the 21st century, thematic data, temperature and precipitation data, etc. extracted the ecological factors data, such as lakes, wetlands, glaciers, desertification land, vegetation index, climate change and so on, combined with field ecological investigation, then monitoring the current situation of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau in the beginning of this century and analyzed the eco-environmental change of eco-environment in the past 30 years.2. According to the restricted eco-environmental factors and a series problems of eco-environment, selected typical eco-environmental factors, constructed a comparatively perfect current situation and changes of eco-environment assessment indexes system. Comprehensive evaluation of eco-environment situation includes 5 levels and 16 indexes, such as terrain and geology condition, natural condition, society economy condition, surface water, and distribution of hazard and so on. Chosen 8 indexes as index system of transition evaluation, according to the limiting condition and the characteristic of model in the indexes system of eco-environment change assessment.3. On the basis of analysis of the advantage and disadvantage of main present eco-environmental assessment models, took the method of combined with Analytic Hierarchy Process and Principal Component Analysis (AHP-PCA), which is an optimized comprehensive assessment models using a synthetic method of selecting weight value and eliminating the factor correlation effectively. The AHP-PCA model was firstly extended to the Time-series and Global Principal Component Analysis (GPCA), named AHP-GPCA model.4. Firstly using AHP-PCA/GPCA models for comprehensive assessment on status and changes of eco-environment in the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau on the basis of 10×10km grid spacing and improved county region. The research results indicate that, the entire change of eco-environment in Qinghai-Tibet plateau showed a trend of deterioration, the regional eco-environment difference showed that eco-environments of south Plateau and south Xinjiang were further improved, and further deteriorated at inland Plateau.5. Combining the results of the comprehensive assessment for eco-environment with the change rules of eco-environmental factors, the driving force of eco-environmental change in the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau includes the following aspects: natural conditions, especially climate changes, was the main cause of eco-environmental change, and the regional difference of primary eco-environment caused by geologic and geomorphologic difference is the basic reason, influence of human activities aggravated deterioration of eco-environmental situation.6. Based on the situation data of eco-environment in the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau, combined with climate data, social and economical data, by means of format conversion of multi-source data and coordinate unification, building characteristic database of comprehensive assessment of eco-environment in the Qinghai-Tibet plateau, which has established foundation for the further study on eco-environmental transition and evaluation.
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