Study On The Heavy Disasters Dynamic Mechanism And Rescue Technology Message Support System In Mine

The mine heavy disasters (flood, fire and explosion) could cause a grave result. The deficient disaster message caused the fatal effect for the relief of disaster. The dissertation took the catastrophe message as research target. Using the explosion theory, the flood theory, the conduction theory and the mine ventilation theory, it is focus on the heavy disasters dynamic mechanism and rescue technology message support system in mine. The main content includes five parts: The tiny length iteration calculation theory of shock wave super pressure in the all mine limit, the entire fume flow dynamic imitation theory based on the iteration between gaining the fire brand temperature and solving ventilation networks, the calculation theory of the inrushing-water level and drowned tunnels limit setting up the node capacity and the water level cuts conceptions, The technique theory of a digital mine manufacture and maintenance and message integration, The technique theory of the heavy disasters dynamic simulation display in a mine.According to CAD basic graph element model structure, property and operation algorithms, the dissertation gave the manufacture model of the three dimensions digital mine tunnel entity. Using a tunnel's section form shape (Rectangle and Trapezium and arch), Length and bearing (Consist of the vertical horn of tunnel and horizontal angle tunnel) etc. parameters, it made a three dimensions tunnel entity. Using parameterization programming and the dialog writing down parameters, the order completed voluntarily a three dimensions tunnel entity. The tunnel entity could be rigorously made in accordance actual tunnel form shape and the room posture. It was truly in three dimensions and proportion. We could observe it at arbitrary visual angle and print a picture at any proportion. Its color was rich. Its real feeling was powerful. It was easily making a drawing. It was conveniently for mending a drawing. Using the manufacture technique in three dimensions tunnels entity, the truly three dimensions digital mine ventilation system was speedily manufactured. It fitted the ordinary engineers and technicians of field to master and use.By means of integrating tunnel messages with three dimensions tunnel entities, every type tunnel in the visualization mine could all take along the message required. The data transmission could be carried on against different type of data bank. The point of measurement gas concentration dynamic display may be achieved under the shaft. The message together with tunnel was integrated. The parameter brought could be concealed or shown. The tunnel information could immediately arise by point and click it. By means of collecting the digital mine ventilation system message and tunnel coordinate message, on the basis of the topology relationship between the three dimensions tunnel entity in a mine, the ventilation network was voluntarily generated and administrated.By means of calculating the gas (coal dust) explosion shock wave super pressure in the difference environment, it was obtained the explosion shock wave super pressure propagation regular in a blind heading or cut through tunnel. Employing the super pressure damping factor at the tunnel branching, the remainder amount of shock wave super pressure was obtained when the shock wave go through the distinct angles branches. On the basis of relationship being dependent on the shock wave super pressure and explosion gas volume (propagation limit) and shock wave propagation velocity, using settled value in a tiny section tunnel and superimpose rule, the shock wave propagation velocity in a little time quantum was looked upon settled value. Calculating shock wave propagation distance and explosion gas volume in a tiny time piece, thereby the explosion shock wave super pressure was gotten. Afterwards on the basis of super pressure to be calculating the shock wave propagation velocity in a tiny time tip, and making this tiny length shock wave propagation velocity as next one, going on calculation shock wave super pressure next tiny time tip, finally the distributed computing of shock wave super pressure was completed. The calculating accuracy could be guaranteed when you keep the tiny time piece enough little.On the basis of grave damage degree of human body and ventilation structures by a gas (or coal dust) explosion shock wave under the shaft, under the shaft the disaster area was divided into the doom district, severe injury district (the 45.5cm brick wall has be damaged) and slight wound district (air door, air-bridge and air brattice had failed). Moreover the maximums of explosion shock wave super pressure in the three districts borders were given. The foundation of the actual calculation personnel staff casualty districts was supplied.On the basis of the breakdown limits of mine ventilation structures after the explosion, the failure ventilation structures places was fixed. By means of solving a network, the district was obtained where pernicious gas of gas (coal dust) explosion was held up. On the basis of the partition situation after gas (coal dust) explosion under the shaft (the district where pernicious gas was held up, the district where are invaded by pernicious gas and regular district), according to the place to evade disaster personnel staff, calculating evade disaster course of through distinct areas, it was obtained the optimum evade disaster course that takes the shaft mouth on surface of the earth as the target.Using means increasing the assist node, the tunnel in the digital mine ventilation system was separated into several right lines length. Using the register system about the tunnel node coordinate and the wind velocity, the node coordinate added and the node number was written down into the system. On the basis of the relationship between the host node and assisting node newly reaches and the place that such was living in the ventilation network, the network system was taken shape that had a same topology relationship against the digital mine ventilation system and had same node coordinate as the digital mine ventilation system. By means of this network the computer could easily find the correspondence composition in the digital mine against the network and the node coordinate. This had settled the base for air flow dynamic simulation displays in a mine. It was become the assisting system of the dynamic simulation displays that the disaster changes process and the evading disaster course.On the basis of board (timber) set fire to 200℃～290℃, selecting 200℃regarded as the critical value of high temperature fume flow for timber ventilation structures. Consults and follow the refractory maximums time of ventilation structures, on the basis of the fume flow temperature calculated, the dissertation gave out the limit that the fume flow temperature was more than the critical value during the mine fire. On the basis of the fire duration, the lose effectiveness of a ventilation structures made of wood was decided in the high temperature district. At the same time the ventilation network composition was replaced.Using the difference convection heat-transfer coefficient in the distinct tunnels, according to calculating the fume flow temperature distribute and the flow pressure of heated air, adding the fire source temperature gradually from normal atmospheric temperature, repeatedly carrying on the cycle of calculating the flow pressure of heated air and the ventilation network, continuously changing the air volume distributes was obtained. When high temperature fame flow (The temperature was more than the fume flow critical temperature that the wood ventilation structures could stand) duration equals to the refractory maximums of ventilation structures, we reported the wood ventilation structures in high temperature district as worthless, replace air network structure, and went on the iteration adding the fire brand temperature and solving ventilation networks. Until the fire brand temperature attained the index value. Thereby the dynamic simulation of fume flows following time and space was completed. Utilizing the visualization technique the dynamic change of fume flows was reflected on the digital mine. The dynamic simulation limit of fume flows in tunnel to invade and attack was displayed during the mine fire. This supplied a message support for relief of disaster in a mine fire.On the basis of the mine fire feature, the mine ventilation network was separated into two subnets: one subnet was polluted by smoke and other was not polluted by smoke. On the basis of the boundary node between two subnets, the evading disaster course of inside and outside the smoke district was calculated. The optimum evading disaster course was obtained during the mine fire.Utilizing the visualization three dimensions digital mine ventilation systems, By means of the mine tunnel visualization assisting system, such as the coordinate in tunnel, tunnel name, wind velocity and wind orientation etc. parameters was obtained. On the basis of the dynamic simulation data, through discriminating and marking the fire brand, utilizing the calculator program of the shortest course, the most short time was calculated from the fire brand to each return air node. In order to the starting times of simulation fume flows was fixed in each tunnel branch after the node. The imitation fume flow velocity may run according to real velocity. Also may put up the displays multiple. For decreasing the wait time, we speeded up simulation fume flow from place to place. On the basis of tunnel length, wind velocity, display multiple, the needing time was calculated that the simulating fume flow moved one step. According to the coordinates of fume flow blocks in every tunnel and arrival time, the fume flow was displayed on the digital mine. This became the dynamic simulation display of the fire process.For calculating the inrushing-water level and inrushing-water limit, the dissertation gave out the tunnel connected graph of reconfiguration: using to add the node means, the old and young undulate tunnel separated into several right lines length. According to the connected component, the collecting space area and the discarded tunnel was acceded to the tunnel system that it had the hydraulic touch with the tunnel system. On the basis of the actual tunnel length, all tunnels were transformed into the monoclinic tunnel lengths in the tunnel connected graph.For obtaining the alternation law of the inrushing-water level in tunnels, the dissertation proposed the conception of the node capacity and the water level cut set. by means of calculating the node capacity and the water level cut set, the drowned limit was obtained at inrushing-water amount when the inrushing-water happen at any place in a mine. The alternation law of the mine drowned limit following time was obtained in surely inrushing-water intensity. The imitation was completed about the drowned tunnels limit during the mine flood. This supplied the theory foundation for calculating the drowned tunnels limit during the mine flood. On the basis of calculating the drowned tunnels limit at the difference inrushing-water amount, using difference color, the drowned limit could be expressed in the difference pouring water amount. On the basis of the relationship between the pouring water amount and the pouring water time. The drowned tunnels limit was obtained at the difference pouring water time. This was achieved that the dynamic drowned tunnels limit was timely displayed on the digital mine.On the basis of the drowned tunnels limit, the mine tunnel network may be divided into the drowned subnet and the no water subnet. By means of the resolution of the shortest circuit in the no water subnet, the optimum evading disaster course was found from any place in the mine to surface of the earth. Moreover it could be dynamically displayed on the digital mine.