Synthesis And Application Of Novel Iron-complex And Lanthanide-complex Dyes

The metal-complex dyes are important synthetic dyes used for protein fibers. Conventional metal-complex dyes have been synthesized by heavy metal ions, such as Cr³⁺, Co²⁺ and Cu²⁺, and acid mordant dye. Though widely used, those heavy metal ions produced a large amount of industrial wastewater in the exhausted dyebath, seriously polluting the ecological environment. So, it is necessary to synthesize and apply environment friendly dyes as viable alternatives.In this thesis, 46 new metal-complex dyes have been synthesized on the basis of related studies existing. Colouristic and fastness properties of these dyes were determined and discussed. In addition, the adsorption thermodynamics of some dyes have also been carried out. Results of the study show that metal-complex dyes synthesized newly all have good dye uptake and fastness, and they can be serving as alternatives. The main contents are as follow:46 complexed formazan dyes were synthesized. 22 of them were formazan dyes, including ten 1:1 and twelve 1:2 dyes, and the metal ions were Cu²⁺,Fe²⁺ and RE³⁺ (RE=La,Pr,Nd,Sm,Dy). The rest were azo dyes, and they were all 1:1, the metal ions were Fe²⁺ and RE³⁺ (RE=La,Pr,Nd,Sm,Dy) . Experiments show the metal iron were coordinated by oxygen atoms from hydroxy (-OH) and one nitrogen atom from azo bond (-N=N-).The coloristic and fastness properties of the newly synthesized dyes onto wool fiber were determined and discussed. And dyeing was optimized. All dye uptake exceed 85%, indicating that the complex synthesized were similar to those of conventional corresponding chromium complexes. The dyeings obtained have very good fastness properties, lightfastness reaching 4-5 and washingfastness reaching 3-4.Thermodynamics property of acid chrome yellow GG complex dyes onto wool firber was investigated as well. The isotherms of dyes adsorbed from the aqueous solutions onto the wool at vary temperature were measured. And the corresponding adsorption thermodynamic function and its fraction were calculated, using stoichiometric displacement model of adsorption. The results indicate dyeing of acid chrome yellow GG complex dyes onto the wool is a chemical adsorption driven by entropy.In addition, the thermal mass-loss behaviors of maleic anhydride, malonate and cation waterborne polyurethane were studied under non-isothermal conditions by thermogravimetry technique in N₂ atmosphere. The apparent activation energy Ea and the most probable mechanism function G(α) were obtained. And the pre-exponential factor A was obtained on the basis of Ea and G(α).