Mineral Resources Prediction Based On GIS

In the face of the grim situation of the demand for mineral resources in the 21st century, mineral resources prediction will face new opportunities and challenges. With the development of mineral resources prediction and the rapid growth of the various geological data at home, the applied research of GIS in mineral resources prediction will be getting popular and deepening along with the development of geological information science. Based on the project of "Metallogenic Law Research and Target Selection on Gold, Silver, Copper, Lead, Zinc etc to the West of shalong in Middle Tianshan in Xinjiang"(Xinjiang Mineral Exploration and Development Bureau, Serial number of the project, XGMB2004001, 2004-2006), the paper chose mineral resources prediction based on GIS as major studying content, started from GIS function, and discussed role and key issues to be resolved of GIS in mineral resources prediction combining practical problems in its process. And the paper has taken the area to the west of shalong in Xinjiang as an example, gotten along with to the comprehensive analysis and interpretation to Multi-source geological information in this area, established spatial database of mineral resources prediction, and discussed the role of GIS in mineral exploration prediction. The main results and conclusions are as follows:1. From GIS function and the purpose of mineral resources prediction, the paper has revealed the status and action of GIS in the mineral prediction. On the one hand, GIS has become a powerful forecast tool, whose advanced spatial database management has greatly enhanced the efficiency of mineral resources prediction, and powerful visualization technology has created the conditions for the conduct of the geologic, geophysical, geochemical, and remote sensing data. On the other hand, GIS has its limitations in the forecast, the inbeing of mineral resources prediction is still dependent on the law of mineralization, the quality and integrity of GIS data is fundamental for it to successfully apply to the mineral resources prediction.2. Based on the analysis of structure, function of GIS and its developing trend, combining the nature and processes of the mineral resources prediction work, this paper has discussed the inevitability that GIS will be used in mineral resources prediction work, and proposed the basic work flow of application of GIS in mineral resources prediction.3. This paper has comprehensively and systematically analyzed key issues to be addressed of the application of GIS in mineral prediction. The research result shows that the quality and integrity of GIS data is fundamental, database design is the key, the extraction of metallogenic information is the basis, the choice of spatial analysis model is the guarantee, and the multidisciplinary experts' attendance is principle. So, the key that GIS can succeed in applying to mineral resources prediction is successful implementation of above conditions.4. Based on summarizing the importance, research present situation and type of GIS data model, this paper has analyzed the shortage of the organization model of geological data in our country, and pointed out the object-oriented data model should arouse geologists' interest.5. This paper has comprehensively, systematically collected and analyzed information of Geology, geophysics, geochemistry, remote sensing and ore origin place to the west of shalong in Xinjiang, established a spatial database of mineral resources prediction in this area based on Geodatabase, and laid the foundation for mineral resources prediction and data sharing.6. The paper has dealt with, analyzed and extracted several of mineralization information, and obtained variable information of mineral resources prediction to the West of shalong. Based on the above work, the author has made a positioning prediction on gold resources by using weights of evidence model, and selected 107 available targets in all, in which there are 20 A-type targets, 37 B-type targets, and 50 C-type targets.7. The paper has made a prediction on Lead, Zinc resources to the west of shalong by using decision tree model belonging to data mining technology, and selected 31 available targets in all, in which there are 3 A-type targets, 12 B-type targets, and 17 C-type targets. The exploration has also provided a new thinking method for mineral resources prediction.8. By the cases, this paper has contrasted and analyzed advantages and disadvantages of weights of evidence model and decision tree model, and made a conclusion that weights of evidence model is suitable for the areas where geological work degree is high and the maximum prospecting information can be obtained; and decision tree model which don't need a lot of known deposits is suitable for the areas where the degree of geological research is low, but its calculations are complicated.Developing mineral resources prediction on GIS not only has great practical significance for promoting the applied process of GIS in mineral prediction, but also contributes to the comprehensive study of information on geology, tectonics, mineral resources, geophysical, geochemical, aeromagnetic, and remote sensing etc. It also has a certain degree of scientific significance for further perfecting Mineral resources prediction methods and theoretical system. And at the same time, it contributes to searching after new method developing mineral resource potential evaluation.