Fabrication And Photophysical Properties Of Low-Dimensional Gold/Silver Nanostructures And The Application In Biomedicine

Nanomaterials were the base of the application of nanotechnology. Low-dimensional metal nanostructured materials were the perfect models in the study of the essential physical properties of nanomaterials. They had the significant applications in biomedicine and nanodevices because of their unique electronic, optical, and mechanical properties. In this thesis, noble metal gold and silver were selected as the objects for study. Two kinds of nanomaterials were synthesized: gold nanoshell and silver nanochain. The special absorption and photothermal conversion properties were studied and the thermal therapy experiments were carried out in vitro and vivo. The effect of the femtosecond laser in the shape changes of the metal nanomaterials were discussed. The silver enwrapped rare earth oxide was prepared and the influence of the silver nanoparticles in the luminescence of the Eu³⁺ was researched. The main results are as follows:(1) The gold nanoshells were prepared by a wet-chemical synthesis method. The diameter was 20 nm, the thickness of the shell was 5 nm and the distribution of the size was uniform. This kind of material gained the excellent absorption in near-infrared (NIR) and photothermal conversion properties. The temperature of the hydrosol was increased as high as 30℃ under exposure of an 808 nm coherent diode laser with powder density of 5 W/cm².(2) Cross-sectional Ag nanochains were prepared using the method of water/oil emulsion. The diameter of the Ag nanochains was 30 nm and the distribution of the length was wide. This kind of material demonstrated strong and super-wide absorption...