The Study On Landuse Pattern Of The Scenic Spot Ecosystem And Its Services

With the rapid development of the tourism, more and more eco-environmental problems come into being. Therefore, to study the impact of tourism development activities on the natural ecosystems and their services turn out to be of great practical value.The present research is a case study of Zhang Jiajie, China's first national forest park. It systematically overviewed and analyzed the influence of tourism development activities on the environment, the changing of the regional land use pattern, and the state of ecsystem services. Based on the data of the natural environment of the scenic spot from 1990 to 2000 and the social and economic development, the study investigated the changing function of scenic spot land use pattern under the condition of the rapid development of the tourism over the last decade by using landsacpe ecology methods. Through building an evaluation index system of the main services of the ecosystem for tourist scenic spot, the study examined the varying trend of ecosystem services of the scenic spot over the last decade. It analyzed the impact of tourism development activities on the land use pattern of the scenic spot ecosystem and its services.The results show that:(1) The landscape structure is basically stable from 1990 to 2000 in Zhang Jiajie National Forest Park and the landscape indices have few changes. Based on the stable area of forest (1990: 86%; 2000: 85.43%), forest structure changes greatly. The proportation of over-mature or mature forest incereses greatly, while the proportation of half-mature forest and young forest decreases greatly, especially the young forest. As to broad-leaved froest, the proportation of over-mature forest or mature forest incereses from 64.64% to 81.66%, but the proportation of young forest decreases from 13.24% to 1.04%. All the above results mainly attribute to the effective protection measures from 1990 to 2000 in Zhang Jiajie National Forest Park.(2) Forest destruction and farmland decrease still exist from 1990 to 2000. All the Pinus massoniana young forest in 2000 comes from pinus massoniana half-mature forest of 1990 and 74.06% of cunninghamia lanceolato young forest comes from cunninghamia lanceolato over-mature or mature forest of 1990. 11.19% of residential area and road of 2000 comes from framland of 1990.(3)In 2000 the economic value of Zhang Jiajie National Forest Park ecosystem services increases from 152932.2 thousand Yuan RMB in 1990 to 410264.9 thousand...