The Studies Of Fundamentals And Applications Of Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry And Its Hyphenated Technique

Inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) has been a preferred technique for analysis of trace elements in various samples owing to its low limits of detection, high sensitivity, widely dynamic linearity, multi-element determinations and isotope ratio measurement capability. The hyphenated technique of combination of different separation and preconcentration technique with specific detection techniques has become an effective method for element speciation analysis. Laser ablation solid sampling with inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry is a most potential solid microanalysis, offering in situ and real time information of elements and isotope ratio. However, the non-mass spectrum interference, enhancement effects of organic reagent and quantitative calibration technique of solid microanalysis are "hot" topic in ICP-MS and LA-ICP-MS. The major contents are described as follows:1. The studies on the calibration of matrix effects and polyatomic ion for rare earthelements in variety lithology samples were discussed.a. Synthetic matrix-matched calibration solution that simulated the composition of natural rocks by statistically calculating the average values of 20 geological samples and normalization was adopted to minimize the matrix effects and inter-elements matrix effects. Two separate internal standards of ¹¹⁵In-¹⁰³Rh were selected to compensate the drift of analytical signals. Polyatomic ions were calibrated by measuring the oxides (MO⁺) and hydroxide (MOH⁺) with individual La, Ce, Pr and Ba solution for the ratio of MO⁺/M⁺ and MOH⁺/M⁺ and calculating equivalently concentrations.b. The method for the determination of ultra-trace rare earth elements in carbonate by ICP-MS has been developed. The inter-element matrix effect of REEs was minimized by using matrix-matched calibration solution. The matrix effect of Ca, Mg can be ignored.c. The most matrix of Ca, Mg in ground water can be removed without elution at pH 2.6 by using P507 resin as the stationary phase . A few matrix retainment on column was eluted with 0.02 HCl. Then the REEs were eluted with 100mmo EDTA as mobile phase in 5ml elution. The proposed method has been applied to the analysis of ultra-trace REEs and Y, Sc in ground water.2. The enhancement effects of organic reagent in ICP-MS were investigated in detail. The...