| One of our two major objectives in this research was to develop new highly efficient formulations for insect pheromones according to principle that micromolecule pheromone could evaporate relatively uniformly with volatile components in oil. The other was to research the effects of plant volatiles on attractiveness of sex pheromones. The results are as follows.(1) Studies on Plutella xylostella sex pheromone formulations. New formulations of sex pheromone for Plutella xylostella were developed using edible oil as a medium and a plastic vial with a volume of 200 μl as a carrier. As for the formulations, the greatest catches were obtained when the doses of sex pheromone were 50μg; Of all the media, peanut oil and honey were superior to others in terms of attractiveness of sex pheromone; three components of sex pheromone, (Z)-11-16:Ald, (Z)-11-16:Ac, (Z)-11-16:OH in a ratio of 7:3:1 attracted the most numbers of moths in the field; when adding the antioxidant, BHT or PRG, sex pheromone increased moths captured by 83.08% and 50.25%, respectively; In the field, (Z)-3-hexenyl acetate and honey-alcohol-vinegar solution, when mixed with the pheromone respectively, enhanced 18.20% and 21.60% the number of moths caught by traps over those baited with the pheromone alone. (Z)-9-14:Ac at the 0.01% level synergize the three components of sex pheromone on rubber septa. In the field, new formulations, PLG captured 17.41% the number of moths more than rubber septa impregnated with synthetic sex pheromone over a month.(2) Studies on Ostrinia furnacalis sex pheromone formulationNew kind of sex pheromone formulation for Ostrinia furnacalis was described in this paper. The attractiveness of Ostrinia furnacalis sex pheromone varied with media, and the greatest captures were yielded when cotton oil was used as a sex pheromone medium. Media volume used in lures also affected captures, when corn oil was used as a sex pheromone, sex pheromone in corn oil with a volume of 10μl captured the most moths. Rubber septa baited with 20μg sex pheromone attracted the most moths in the field, next came rubber septa baited with 50μg sex pheromone. The attractiveness of sex pheromone decreased when the dose exceeded 100μg. When the dose of sex pheromone was 100μg, sex pheromone in 5μl cotton oil or 10μl corn oil attracted significantly more moths than on rubber septa in the field. Corn oil alone as attractant could attract many Ostrinia furnacalis moths in the field, and the attractiveness of Ostrinia furnacalis sex pheromoe and Corn oil alone were not statistically significantly different.(3) Studies on new sex pheromone formulations of Spodoptera lituraThe study was conducted to develop new sex pheromone formulations for Spodoptera litura. Tested with honey corn oil, soybean oil, peanut oil and rapeseed oil as sex pheromone release-medium, honey and peanut oil as sex pheromone release-medium attracted more moths in the field. The greatest number of moths captured was obtained when using rapeseed oil as a release-medium and the doses of sex pheromone being 200μg. While rubber septa baited with 300μg sex pheromone attracted the greatest number of moths. Among the new formulations, the formulations adding several plant volatiles attracted more moths compared with sex pheromone alone, of which, the formulation baited with sex pheromone plus plant volatile, (Z)-3-hexenyl acetate attracted the most. The formulation baited with sex pheromone plus a mixture C enhanced 46% of moths compared with sex pheromone alone. The study establishes a feasible base for developing new highly efficient Spodoptera litura sex pheromone formulations.(4) The effects of several host plant volatiles on attractiveness of synthetic sex pheromone to Spodoptera exiguaThe effects of several host plant volatiles on capture efficiency of synthetic sex pheromone of Spodoptera exigua were reported in this paper. Strong EAG responses of Spodoptera exigua male moths antenna stimulated by several host plant volatiles were recorded. The be...
|
PDF Full Text Request