| Euonymus fortunei belongs to Euonymus, Celastraceae. It is a woody-stemmed, broadleaf evergreen climbing vine which was widely used in vertical greening and water conservation engineering due to its diverse variation, stress tolerance and good plasticity in ornamental using. In order to guide E. fortunei breeding, cultivation and utilization, based on the analysis of the E. fortunei germplasm resources and the investigation of its natural distribution area and major cultivation area, 58 clones of E. fortunei were collected. This paper has studied its phenological period, biological character, phenotypic and DNA diversity, and its characters of cold-resistance, drought-tolerance and shading-endurance adverse environment. The main results are as follows:1. The most of E. fortunei types are broadleaf evergreen and not to drop leaves during domant period. It is earlier in sprouting and longer in growing period.2. The curves of annual growth showed two peaks, the first, appeared in middle or late May; the second, appeared in middle or late August. Analysis of new sprout and leave growth showed that elongation and broadening of individual leaf and stem section can be simulate by the Logistic equation and the correlation coefficient is more than 0.98.3. Study on the climbing character of E. fortunei showed that the height of annual growth is significantly different in climbing the eastward, westward, southward and snorthward walls. The evergreen E. fortunei grew faster in climbing southward wall, however, the winter-red one grows rapidly in climbing northward wall. The growth is highest to vertical-evergreen type with climbingangle of 79.4°, so it is could be used in vertical greening, and the creeping winter-red type was highest with climbing angle of 49.5°, so it is suitable to be planted beside the road, channel and inclined slope or used as ground cover. The results on cultivated substance showed the E. fortunei is suitable to be planted in sand/soil is 2:1.4. Based on the data of 29 phenotypic character of 58 E. fortunei clones showed that the phenotypic diversity index (PDI) varied from 0.69 to 2.143. Study on the phenotypic diversity of different provenances proved that PDI (1.3156) of Beijing city is among the highest. Hangzhou provenance have the lowest PDI (0.4189 ). According to the cluster analysis of phenotype, all the examined E. fortunei clones could be classified into 4 groups: tiny leaf, small leaf, large leaf and huge leaf type.5. 100 polymorphism sites were obtained from the 205 sites, which were amplified in PCP amplification and RAPD analysis of the 58 E. fortunei clones using 35 amplification primers. The polymorphism frequency was 48.78% with 1 primer generates 5.9 amplification sites and 2.9 polymorphism sites. Genetic diversity index (GDI) ranged from 0.0331 to 0.8904. According to the cluster analysis of phenotype, all the 58 clones were classified into 5 groups in cluster analysis : tiny leaf, small leaf, large leaf, huge leaf and nature hybrids that were selected recently.6. In this research, 3 new promising varieties including E. fortunei 'Platypetalus', E. fortunei 'orbiculatus'and E. fortunei 'Gigantilius' were selected.7. With the lowering of the air temperature, the electric conductivity of E. fortunei's branches, leaves and buds increased and it could be simulated by the Logistic equation. And the expectancy of half lethal low temperature of branches, leaves and buds is -19.9℃, -21.4℃, -21.2℃ and the expectancy of lethal low temperature is -32℃ , -31.3℃, -32.5 ℃ . There is significant negative correlationship between temperature and crude protein, amino acid, ABA or cyaniding content, the correlation coefficient is -0.7975, -0.4912, -0.5960 and-0.6738 respectively.8. Under drought stress condition, chlorophyll a content of E. fortune! increased and the ratio of chlorophyll a/b became higher. The result showed that the varieties were more drought-resistant if chlorophyll a/b in...
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