Cloning And Functional Researches Of Plant Genes In Related To Environmental Stresses

High salty, drought, freezing are the major environment conditions that affect the growth of plant and account for significant reductions in the yields of agriculturally crops. The key step to solve this problem is to culture the stress tolerance crops. It is one of the most important aspects in the progress of the modernization agriculture using gene engineering to breed the salt-resistance crop cultivars. In this research, the wheat, rice and tobacco with salt treatment were used as experimental materials to study the molecular mechanism of stress-tolerance in plant and make the relative gene engineering research. The main results are as following:1. A novel Ca2+ channel gene, named as TaTPC1, was isolated from wheat, encoding a two-pore voltage-gated channel protein. It was induced under high salt, PEG, low temperature and exogenesis ABA treatments in root with different level expression. And there is different expression between both species. The expression of TaTPC1 gene in the yeast mutant (CCH1::Trp)can recover the growth status of it under the stresses of salt and sorbitol. Now, transgenic Arabidopsis have been gained, the different stress tolerance are following.2. A bHLH-type Gene OsbHLHl was obtained from the rice cDNA library by using the rapid cloning PCR. The predicted OsbHLHl protein had a nucleus location signal, a putative DNA binding domain contained a bHLH-bZIP domain. The genomic OsbHLHl gene is a unique copy gene in rice genome with four introns. The transcription of OsbHLHl is specifically induced in root by cold, not Nad, PEG and ABA. The OsbHLHl protein located in nuclear and has transcactivity activity and the ability to dimerize between itself. Therefore, the OsbHLH1 gene is one novel member of the bHLH transcriptional factors family possible involved in the cold signal transduction pathway.3 Fifty candidates proteins possible interacting with the NTHK1 protein were screened from the tobacco cDNA library through the yeast two-hybrid system. According to the analysis of the function of candidate genes were classed andanalyzed, the NTHK1 may be involved in many signal transduction pathways, including cell growth and development, osmosis stresses, oxidation stresses, photo signal, synthesis of proteins and other unknown signal transduction pathways. NtCypl, was chose for further study, it has high identification with its family. It may be involved the folding of protein as chaperone. It was induced under NaCl, PEG, exogenesis ABA and cold (4) treatments.