A Preliminary Study On The Distribution And Combination Rules Of TCM Syndrome Factors In Children With Allergic Rhinitis And Asthma Syndrom

Objective: Investigated the distribution and combination of Traditional Chinese Medicine syndrome elements in children with Combined Allergic Rhinitis and Asthma Syndrome,Which provided objective reference for syndrome differentiation and treatment of this disease.Methods: By using the methods of syndrome differentiation and epidemiological investigation,the clinical information of 79 children with Combined Allergic Rhinitis and Asthma Syndrome was collected from January 2022 to December 2022 in the department of Pediatric of the First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan University of Chinese Medicine.The relevant data were statistically processed by Excel and SPSS 28.0 Descriptive analysis,Chi-square test and correlation and regression analysis were used to analyze the distribution and combination of TCM syndrome elements in children with Combined Allergic Rhinitis and Asthma Syndrome.Results: 1.General conditions: Among the 79 children with Combined Allergic Rhinitis and Asthma Syndrome,41 cases were males and 38 cases were females,aged from 5 months to 5years old,with an average age of(45.49±15.74)months.The age of onset from 4 to 5 years for69.62%,and 1 to 3 years old for 27.85%.The comparison of gender composition in each age group,at <1 year old children,equal number of males and females and there are more males than females in children aged 1～3,while more females than males in children aged 4～5.There was no significant difference in gender composition at all ages(P>0.05).The number of cases in spring was the largest,with 43 people,accounting for 55%,followed by 34 people in winter,accounting for 43%.68 of the 79 children had obvious causes of disease,among which cold/cold(41cases),followed by exercise/crying(21 cases),accounting for 31% of the total.The number of children with a family history of allergic rhinitis was the largest(43 cases in total),followed by11 cases with a family history of both allergic rhinitis and asthma,and the least(5 cases)with a family history of asthma.2.Disease position syndrome factor: The disease position syndrome factor score is more than14,including lung,surface,and kidney.The syndrome factor score of surface was the highest(32.93 ±9.13),followed by lung(32.21 ±10.24)and kidney(14.56 ±6.38).In terms of frequency distribution,surface(76 cases)> Lung(75 cases)> kidney(37 cases)> spleen(25cases)> and heart(12 cases).There was no statistical difference in the distribution in different genders(P>0.05).There was a linear correlation between the syndrome elements of lung and kidney(r=0.277,P<0.05).3.Syndrome elements of nature of disease: The solid diseases with syndrome factor score more than 14 were sputum and wind,while deficiency disease mainly involved Qi deficiency and Yang deficiency,the syndrome factor score of sputum disease was the highest(21.37±9.25).Excessive syndrome elements: wind(58 cases)> sputum(53 cases)> heat(25 cases)> fluid(4cases)>blood heat(2 cases)> Yang hyperactivity(1 case)=coldness(1 case).Deficiency syndrome elements:Qi deficiency(61 cases)> Yang deficiency(58 cases)> Qi non-solid(36 cases)> Yin deficiency(32 cases).There was no statistical difference in the distribution of syndrome elements between different genders(P>0.05).4.Rules of disease position syndrome factor combination: The main distribution of disease position syndrome factor combination was as follow: surface +lung(21 cases),lung +surface+kidney(21 cases),accounting for 53.16% of the total number,followed by lung + surface +spleen + kidney > lung + surface + spleen > lung + surface + spleen + heart > lung + surface +spleen + heart > lung + surface + spleen + heart > lung + surface + kidney + heart > lung.The distribution of the number of disease position syndrome factor: three disease position > tow disease position > four disease position > one disease position.5.Combination of nature of disease syndrome elements: The distribution of deficiency syndrome elements combination was mainly as follow: Qi deficiency +Yang deficiency +Qi non-solid>Qi deficiency +Yang deficiency +Qi non-solid +Yin deficiency>Qi deficiency +Yang deficiency>Qi deficiency +Yang deficiency +Yin deficiency>Qi deficiency>Yin deficiency>Yang deficiency+Yin deficiency>Qi deficiency +Yin deficiency>Yang deficiency,accounting for 89.87% of the total.The distribution law of excessive element combination was mainly as follow: phlegm+external wind>external wind>phlegm +external wind +heat>phlegm> phlegm +heat> Phlegm+external wind +drink>external wind +heat> heat> Phlegm +external wind +heat +blood heat.The distribution rules of deficiency and excessive syndrome elements combination mainly include: Qi deficiency +external wind +Yang deficiency +Qi non-solid> sputum +Qi deficiency+external wind +Yang deficiency> sputum +Qi deficiency+ external wind +Yang deficiency+Yin deficiency+ heat>sputum+ Qi deficiency +external wind +Yang deficiency +Yin deficiency+Qi non-solid> sputum +Qi deficiency+ external wind +Yang deficiency +Qi non-solid>external wind> sputum +Qi deficiency +external wind>Qi deficiency +Yang deficiency +Qi deficiency>sputum +Qi deficiency +external wind+ Yang deficiency +Qi non-solid +Yin deficiency +heat.The distribution of the number of nature of disease syndrome elements:five>four> three>six>two> seven>one>eight.6.Syndrome element combination: The combination forms are complex,and the occurrence frequency of each combination type is low.The top 3 syndrome-elements are: lung + surface +kidney + sputum + Qi deficiency + external wind + Yang deficiency,lung + surface + external wind,lung + surface + qi deficiency + external wind + Yang deficiency + Qi non-solid + Yin deficiency + heat.Conclusions: 1.There is no significant gender difference in the distribution of children with Combined Allergic Rhinitis and Asthma Syndrome,which can be seen in children of all ages.The onset season is mainly winter and spring.2.The main syndromes of Combined Allergic Rhinitis and Asthma Syndrome in children are surface and lung,involving kidney,spleen and heart.The excessive syndrome elements mainly include external wind,sputum and heat,while the deficiency syndrome elements mainly include Qi deficiency,Yang deficiency and Qi non-solid.The number of syndrome elements of disease location are mainly the two disease location and the three disease location,the lung+ surface and the lung + surface + kidney appear the most frequently,and the number of nature of disease syndrome elements is mainly consists of three diseases and above,mostly mixed.