Study On The “half-exterior And Half-interior” Syndrome In Treatise On Febrile Disease

As the foundation work of traditional Chinese medicine,’Treatise on Febrile Diseases’ is a landmark/milestone in the formation of the theoretical system of traditional Chinese medicine.Scholars in each generations have studied and explored’ Treatise on Febrile Diseases’ from the aspects of theoretical research,clinical application,experimental confirmation and teaching methods.In ’ Treatise on Febrile Diseases’,three yin and three yang are used to distinguish diseases,pulses and syndromes in order to propose treatment prescriptions.This syndrome differentiation is called ’six-meridian syndrome differentiation’ in later generations.The sixchannel syndrome differentiation of "Treatise on Febrile Diseases" contains the general guiding principle of understanding diseases such as yin and yang,cold and heat,exterior and interior,deficiency and excess.For the syndrome differentiation of disease location,in addition to the exterior and interior,Zhang Zhongjing put forward the theory of "half inside and half outside " in the " Treatise on Febrile Diseases."In the process of systematic study of "Treatise on Febrile Diseases," Cheng Wuji of Jin Dynasty proposed the theory of "half outside and half inside." Up to now,there has not been a systematic review of ’half exterior and half interior ’,and there are different opinions on the understanding of ’ half exterior and half interior’.Therefore,the systematic study of ’half exterior and half interior’ theory is helpful to further study the dialectical spirit of "Treatise on Febrile Diseases".Through’ half exterior and half interior’,it can also provide a new perspective for the overall and dynamic grasp of "Treatise on Febrile Diseases".1.Purpose of reaearchTo study the understanding of ’half exterior and half interior’ by doctors from each generations,and to sort out the enriching process of "half exterior and half interior."theory during the development of history.using the transition and pivotal meaning contained in the theory of ’half exterior and half interior’,to study the ’half exterior and half interior’prescriptions and syndromes in ’Treatise on Febrile Diseases’,and to understand the six meridians prescriptions and syndromes of ’Treatise on Febrile Diseases’ in a dynamic and holistic perspective.Taking Xiaochaihu Decoction as an example,this paper analyzes the process of ’half exterior and half interior’ accompanied by the continuous deepening of the research on Xiaochaihu Decoction and Shaoyang syndrome.2.Research methodsTracing the origin of the theory of ’half exterior and half interior’,focusing on the meaning of’half exterior and half interior’ when it was first proposed,using the database of ’Chinese Medical Classics’,searching for doctors who discussed’ half exterior and half interior’ in the past dynasties,and conducting in-depth research on the thought of ’half exterior and half interior’ of each doctor.Using the theory of ’half exterior and half interior’,combined with the discussion of typhoid experts in the past dynasties,combing the ’typhoid theory’ and ’half exterior and half interior’ prescriptions.Using the method of data mining to analyze the clinical medical records and explore the usage pattern of Xiaochaihu Decoction.3.Research resultsBasically combed out the ancient physicians ’understanding of’ half exterior and half interior’,summed up the Chinese medicine community’s understanding of ’ half exterior and half interior’.16 ’ half exterior and half interior’ prescriptions in ’Treatise on Febrile Diseases’were sorted out,and the relationship between the six meridians and the internal prescriptions of the six meridians was initially established.This paper explores the understanding of Xiaochaihu Decoction by ancient physicians.and studies the experiences of Professor ChenMing in the clinical application of Xiaochaihu Decoction.4.Research conclusion1."Half exterior and half interior" firstly refers to the state that the exterior syndrome is not removed,the evil qi is transmitted to the interior,and evil qi the interior has not been firm in the process of the transmission of typhoid fever from the Taiyang to Yangming.In the process of development,"half exterior and half interior" refer to between exterior and interior,nonexterior and non-interior,as well as both exterior and interior,both exterior and interior.2.Semi-exterior and half-interior disease location have different meanings.One refers to Shaoyang meridian,including Shaoyang meridian,gallbladder and Sanjiao;on the other hand refers to membrane protoplasm includes the generalized human membrane system and the narrow sense of the gastrointestinal extragastric lipid membrane;three fingers additionally,it refers to the chest;finally refers to the body shell,viscera outside the vast area.3.After the Ming Dynasty,Shaoyang syndrome is the representative of half-exterior and half-interior syndrome,which can be regarded as half-exterior and half-interior of the three yang and half-exterior and half-interior of the six meridians.The meaning of Shaoyang take part in pivot and Shaoyang take part in half exterior and half interior is basically the same.4.The half-exterior and half-interior syndrome exists objectively and plays the role of communicating the exterior and interior syndromes.’Half-exterior and half-interior’ reflects the overall thinking and constant movement view of traditional Chinese medicine.5.’Treatise on Febrile Diseases’ has the syndrome of half exterior and half interior of the Taiyang-Daqinglong Decoction.The progressive relationship between prescription and syndrome:Mahuang Decoction syndrome→Daqinglong Decoction syndrome→Maxing Ganshi Decoction syndrome.Yangming half exterior and half interior syndrome-Zhizi Houpu Decoction syndrome,Xiaochengqi Decoction syndrome.The progressive relationship between prescription and syndrome:zhizichi decoction syndrome→Zhizihoupu decoction syndrome→Xiaochengqi decoction syndrome.Shaoyin half exterior and half interior syndrome-Mahuang Fuzi Gancao Decoction syndrome,Baitong Decoction syndrome.The progressive relationship between prescription and syndrome:Mahuang Xixin Fuzi Decoction syndrome→Mahuang Fuzi Gancao Decoction syndrome→Sini Decoction syndrome.Between Taiyang and Yangming half exterior and half interior syndrome-Maxing Ganshi decoction syndrome,Gegen decoction syndrome.The progressive relationship between exterior and interior:Daqinglong Decoction→Maxingganshi Decoction→Baihu Decoction;mahuang decoction syndrome → Gegen decoction syndrome→ Gegen Qinlian decoction syndrome.Half exterior and half interior syndrome between Taiyang and Shaoyang-Chaihu Guizhi decoction syndrome.The progressive relationship between prescription and syndrome:Guizhi decoction syndrome→Chaihu Guizhi decoction syndrome→Xiaochaihu decoction syndrome.Taiyang and Taiyin half exterior and half interior syndrome-guizhi ginseng decoction syndrome.The progressive relationship between prescription and syndrome:Guizhi decoction syndrome→Guizhi ginseng decoction syndrome→ Lizhong decoction syndrome.Taiyang and shaoyin half exterior and half interior syndrome-guizhi plus fuzi decoction syndrome,guizhi qushaoyao decoction syndrome,guizhi qugui plus fuling baizhu decoction syndrome.The progressive relationship between prescription and syndrome:Guizhi decoction syndrome→Guizhi plus Fuzi decoction syndrome→ Sini decoction syndrome;guizhi decoction syndrome→Guizhi Qushaoyao decoction syndrome→Guizhi Gancao decoction syndrome;guizhi decoction syndrome→ Guizhi Qugui plus Fuling Baizhu decoction syndrome→ Zhenwu decoction syndrome.The syndrome of half exterior and half interior between Yangming and Taiyin-Banxia Xiexin Decoction.The progressive relationship between prescription and syndrome:Dahuang Huanglian Xiexin Decoction syndrome→Banxia Xiexin Decoction syndrome→Lizhong Decoction syndrome.Yangming and Shaoyin half exterior and half interior syndrome-Fuzi Xiexin Decoction syndrome.The progressive relationship between prescription and syndrome:Dahuang Huanglian Xiexin Decoction syndrome→Fuzi Xiexin Decoction syndrome→Sini Decoction syndrome.Yangming and Jueyin half exterior and half interior syndrome-Gegen Qinlian Decoction syndrome.Progressive relationship between prescription and syndrome:Gegen decoction syndrome→ Gegen Qinlian decoction syndrome→Pulsatilla decoction syndromeHalf exterior and half interior syndrome between Shaoyang and Yangming-Dachaihu decoction syndrome,Chaihu plus mirabilite decoction syndrome.The progressive relationship between prescription and syndrome:Xiaochaihu decoction syndrome→Dachaihu decoction syndrome→Xiaochengqi decoction syndrome;xiaochaihu Decoction→Chaihu plus Mangxiao Decoction→Tiaowei Chengqi DecoctionHalf exterior and half interior syndrome between Shaoyang and Taiyin-Chaihu Guizhi Ganjiang Decoction syndrome.The progressive relationship between prescription and syndrome:Xiaochaihu Decoction syndrome→Chaihu Guizhi Ganjiang Decoction syndrome→ Lizhong Decoction syndrome.Taiyin and Shaoyin half exterior and half interior syndrome.The progressive relationship between prescription and syndrome:licorice dried ginger decoction syndrome→ Sini decoction syndrome → dried ginger aconite decoction syndrome;lizhong decoction syndrome→Sini decoction syndrome→Tongmai Sini decoction syndrome.6.Xiaochaihu Decoction was first used as a prescription for relieving exterior and clearing interior,and treating exterior and interior simultaneously.It was used in the stage of typhoid fever for five or six days,the transition from Taiyang disease to Yangming disease,and the stage of exterior cold and interior heat.With the maturity of drug meridian tropism in the Jin and Yuan Dynasties,bupleurum as the main drug of Shaoyang gradually became a consensus,and Xiaochaihu Decoction gradually became the prescription for reconciling Shaoyang.Since Zhang Yin’an,doctors in the Qing Dynasty have attached importance to the theory of qi gasify.Shaoyang is the main cardinal,Xiaochaihu Decoction and Shaoyang,and regulating the cardinal has gradually become a consensus.7.Xiaochaihu Decoction is widely used in Professor ChenMing’s outpatient clinic for comprehensive conditioningsuch as various stomach diseases,hypochondriac pain,bitter mouth,tinnitus,fever,insomnia and other diseases.The commonly used prescriptions are Chaihu Guizhi Ganjiang Decoction,Chaihu Guizhi Decoction,Chaiyue Mixture...