A Study On The Correlation Between Social Support And Disease Management Self-efficacy In Elderly People With Chronic Disease

Objectives:To investigate the current status of social support and disease management self-efficacy of the elderly with chronic diseases in the community;to explore the relationship between social support and self-efficacy in disease management of the elderly with chronic diseases in the community.Methods:A descriptive study,using the convenience sampling method to select 216 elderly people with chronic diseases at home in the 5 administrative districts of Shenyang who meet the inclusion criteria as the research objects.General Information Questionnaire,Social Support Scale(SSRS),Self-efficacy of Chronic Disease Management Scale(SECD6)were used for investigation.All data were imput and analyzed using SPSS 26.0 statistical software.The frequency,constituent ratio,mean,and standard deviation were used to describe the general demographic data,social support and self-efficacy levels of the elderly with chronic diseases in the community;one-way ANOVA and independent samples t-test were used to compare social support and self-efficacy in the demographic differences;Pearson correlation analysis was used to explore the correlation between social support and self-efficacy;Multiple linear regression was used to analyze the influencing factors of social support and self-efficacy.Results:1.The average score of social support for the elderly with chronic diseases in the community was 30.24±7.55 points.The average scores of the three dimensions were 16.81±4.80 points for subjective support,7.41±2.39 points for objective support,and 6.02±2.43 points for the utilization of support.The number of chronic older adults with lower level of social support is28,accounting for 14%of the total number,and the number of chronic older adults with moderate level of social support is 163,accounting for 81.5%of the total number.The number of chronic older adults elderly people with high level of social support is 9,accounting for 4.5%of the total number.Univariate analysis showed that:different age,education level,marital status,living situation,monthly income,primary caregiver,medical insurance type had significant differences in the social support of the elderly with chronic diseases in the community(P<0.05).The influencing factors of social support include marital status,income level,medical insurance type and living situation.Four factors explained29.2%of the total variance.2.The average score of chronic disease management self-efficacy was 6.25±1.85,and the average scores of the two dimensions were 5.99±1.98 for symptom management,6.78±1.91for common disease management.51 persons(25.5%)were at a low level,83 persons(41.5%)at the medium level,66 persons(33.0%)were at the high level.Univariate analysis showed that:the effects of different marital status,educational level,monthly income,the number of chronic diseases and the number of taking medicines on the self-efficacy of disease management in the elderly with chronic diseases were statistically significant(P<0.05).The effects of different monthly income,the number of chronic diseases and the number of taking medicines on the self-efficacy of symptom management for the elderly with chronic diseases were statistically significant(P<0.05).The effects of different educational levels,marital status,the number of chronic diseases,and the number of taking medicines had significant differences in the self-efficacy of common management of diseases in the elderly with chronic diseases(P<0.05).Subjective support and utilization of support were independent predictors of self-efficacy(adjustment coefficient R~2=0.225,F=12.585,P<0.001).3.There was a significant positive correlation between social support and self-efficacy(r=0.353,P=0.000).The three dimensions of social support were positively correlated with the two dimensions of self-efficacy.Conclusions:1.The social support of the elderly with chronic diseases in the community is at a medium level.Marital status,monthly income,medical insurance type and living situation are the main influencing factors of social support for the elderly with chronic diseases in the community.2.The disease management self-efficacy of the elderly with chronic diseases in the community is at a medium level.Excluding confounding factors,subjective support and utilization of support are the main influencing factors of disease management self-efficacy in the elderly with chronic diseases in the community.3.Social support was significantly positively correlated with disease management self-efficacy,and the three dimensions of social support were positively correlated with the two dimensions of self-efficacy.