A Study Of HIV High-Risk Behavior Intervention For Rural Elderly In Guangxi Based On IMB Model

Objectives:1.An intervention programme was developed for rural older people in the Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region,using the IMB model as a theoretical basis for an HIV intervention study in this population.2.To evaluate the impact of an IMB model-based intervention on psychosocial characteristics,social support profiles,HIV knowledge,motivation for HIV-risk behaviours,behavioural skills and self-efficacy of older people in rural Guangxi.3.To evaluate the effect of interventions based on the IMB model on reducing HIV-risk behaviors among older adults in rural Guangxi,and to explore an appropriate intervention model for HIV among older adults.4.To evaluate the effect of peer education intervention on AIDS high-risk behaviors of the elderly based on IMB model.Methods:Selecting survey subjects using multi-stage stratified random sampling method.Finally,2500 rural elderly people who met the inclusion criteria in Liuzhou,Guigang,Qinzhou,Nanning and Hezhou were selected as the research objects.The final research results were determined using the method of propensity score matching.There were 532 cases in the traditional education group and 532 cases in the peer education group.The traditional education group adopts traditional health education forms,which are generally divided into phased social activities such as distributing promotional materials,giving special lectures,and playing video and audio products.Peer education group intervenes by recruiting peer educators.Both groups conducted AIDS intervention research based on the theory of IMB model.After the intervention study,the elderly were investigated using a self-designed questionnaire.Analyze the effectiveness of intervention to explore appropriate intervention models and programs for the elderly.The research data is based on EPIDATA 3.0.SPSS 26.0 was applied to the data for descriptive analysis,chi-square test,analysis of variance,independent samples ttest,multiple linear regression analysis and other operations.Results:1.The sociodemographic characteristics of the traditional education group and the peer education group of the elderly in rural Guangxi were compared.The gender,education level,ethnicity,marital status,labour status,occupation,residence mode and monthly personal income of the two groups were not statistically significant by chi-square test(p>0.05).An independent sample t-test was used to compare the differences between the two groups in terms of age,and the results showed that they did not constitute a difference(p>0.05).2.Comparison of the traditional education group and the peer education group in terms of psychosocial characteristics,social support situation,high-risk behaviour situation,information,motivation and behavioural skills before the intervention using independent sample t-test showed that none of the results constituted a difference(p>0.05).3.An independent samples t-test was used to compare the scores of the traditional education group before and after the intervention.The scores on each dimension of psychosocial characteristics,support use,objective support,subjective support and information,motivation and behavioural skills were significantly higher than before the intervention(p<0.05),but the difference in total social support scores was not significant(p>0.05).The results of the χ~2 test for high-risk behaviour were not statistically significant(p>0.05)for extramarital sex and condom use,and statistically significant for multi-partner behaviour,with a χ~2 value of 27.366 and a p value of 0.000.4.Independent samples t-test was used to compare the scores of the peer education group before and after the intervention.The scores on each dimension of psychosocial characteristics,support use,objective support,subjective support and information,motivation and behavioural skills were significantly higher than before the intervention(p<0.05),but the difference in total social support scores was not significant(p>0.05).For the high-risk behaviour profile by χ~2 test,the results were not statistically significant(p>0.05)for extramarital sex and condom use,and statistically significant for multiple partner behaviour,with a χ~2 value of 12.264 and a p value of 0.000.5.Independent samples t-test was used to compare the differences between the traditional education group and the peer education group on various dimensions after the intervention.There were no significant differences(p>0.05)in psychosocial characteristics,support use,total social support score and perceived validity,and there were significant differences in subjective support,objective support and all dimensions of information,motivation and behavioural skills(except perceived validity),all with p-values below 0.05.The results of theχ~2 test for post-intervention high-risk behaviour in both groups were statistically significant for extramarital sex and condom use,with p-values below 0.05,and not significantly different for multi-partner behaviour with p-values above 0.05.6.The correlation analysis and multiple linear regression analysis on the scores of high-risk behaviors of the elderly showed that the correlation coefficients between the scores of basic knowledge of AIDS,motivation,behavior skills,social psychological characteristics,social support and high-risk behaviors were 0.110,0.107,0.135,-0.054,0.119,respectively,p<0.05,and the linear impact on the scores of high-risk behaviors was statistically significant(p<0.05).Conclusions:1.This study actively explored a peer education intervention model based on the IMB model suitable for the elderly at-risk population by developing an AIDS intervention for the elderly,based on the IMB theory,traditional education and peer education on information,motivation and behavioral skills for the two groups of elderly respectively,thus reducing the incidence of elderly at-risk behaviors.2.The peer education intervention model based on the IMB model theory has reduced the level of depression in the elderly.It improves the level of social support,information,motivation,and behavioral skills of the elderly,while reducing the incidence of high-risk behaviors among the elderly.3.The intervention model of peer education based on the IMB model theory has a strong radiating effect on older adults and is worth further exploration and research.