| Objective:At present,studies on healthy dietary patterns mainly focus on the role of nutrients.The "family nurse diet theory" proposed based on the pathophysiological mechanism of chronic diseases belongs to the "diet care theory",which provides new ideas for the prevention and treatment of chronic diseases,focuses on the important role of non-nutrients in chronic diseases,and provides systematic and integrated theoretical guidance for the development of diet.In this study,a personalized diet scheme(family nurse diet scheme)was developed according to the "family nurse diet theory".Dietary intervention for hypertension patients recruited for 6 weeks was compared with the tea drinking group recruited for the same period only drinking Tartary buckwheat tea,so as to explore the application effect of family nurse diet scheme in the diet intervention of overweight or obese hypertensive patients.At the same time,observe the compliance of family nurse diet program in population application.Methods:1.Construction of family nurse diet schemeBased on the "family nurse diet theory",this paper constructs the family nurse diet scheme through the construction of clinical problems,Tartary buckwheat tea research,literature research,expert meeting method,and discusses the necessity,science,feasibility of the program construction and the guiding significance of nursing practice.2.Effect evaluation of family nurse diet scheme in obese or overweight patients with hypertensionIn this study,60 patients with hypertension who met the natrol standard were recruited and divided into tea drinking group and diet therapy group,with 30 patients in each group.The tea drinking group drank Tartary buckwheat tea every day while maintaining the conventional treatment and the original lifestyle.In terms of diet,the group received routine guidance based on the Balanced Diet Guidelines for Chinese Residents(2022).The diet therapy group implemented the family nurse diet scheme(Tartary buckwheat tea + non-nutrient based diet).The biggest difference between the two groups was the level of non-nutrient content in the diet.Finally,blood pressure,homocysteine,body weight,fasting blood glucose,triglyceride,total cholesterol,low density lipoprotein cholesterol,high density lipoprotein cholesterol,total bilirubin,alanine aminotransferase,glutamic oxalacetic aminotransferase,total bilirubin,total protein,albumin,urea nitrogen,creatinine,uric acid were measured before intervention and 6 weeks after intervention.A qualitative interview was conducted on patient compliance.SPSS28.0 software was used for paired t test,independent sample t test and rank sum test.Results:(1)There were a total of 60 patients who completed the whole study,and 30 patients in each of the two experimental groups.Before intervention,there was no significant difference in age,sex,education level,self-care ability,course of hypertension,family history of hypertension,types of antihypertensive drugs,physical exercise,diet and other general information between the two groups(P>0.05).(2)Changes of various indexes in the two groups after intervention:(1)Blood pressure: Intra-group comparison showed that systolic and diastolic blood pressure were reduced by 2.57 mm Hg and 1.90 mm Hg in tea drinking group,and 8.30 mm Hg and3.87 mm Hg in diet therapy group,respectively.Systolic and diastolic blood pressure were improved in both groups compared with before treatment(P<0.05).Compared with tea drinking group,systolic blood pressure in diet therapy group decreased significantly,the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).(2)Homocysteine: The level of Hcy in the diet group was decreased by 1.55μmol/L,the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).There was no significant difference in Hcy level between the diet therapy group and the tea drinking group(P>0.05).(3)Body weight: intra-group comparison showed that the body weight of tea drinking group was increased by 1.04 kg,while that of diet therapy group was decreased by 3.84 kg.The body weight of diet therapy group was significantly decreased compared with that before treatment,the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).Compared with tea drinking group,the effect of body weight reduction in diet therapy group was statistically significant(P<0.05).(4)Various biochemical indexes: Before intervention,there was no significant difference in the levels of FPG,TC,TG,LDL,HDL,ALT,AST,TBIL,TP,ALB,BUN,CREA and UA between the two groups(P>0.05).After intervention,there was significant difference in the levels of the above indexes between the two groups(P<0.05).There were statistically significant differences in the levels of FPG,TC,TG,LDL,ALT,TP,CREA and UA in tea drinking group(P<0.05),while there were no statistically significant differences in other indicators(P>0.05).There were statistically significant differences in the levels of FPG,TG,ALT,AST,TP and BUN between the two groups(P<0.05),while there were no statistically significant differences in the other indicators(P>0.05).(3)Tartary buckwheat tea drinking compliance of patients in 2 groups: Within 6weeks of intervention,the number of patients drinking Tartary buckwheat tea according to the standard in 2 groups accounted for more than 90% at 3 times a week of follow-up.After the intervention,the rate of compliance of patients in 2 groups was 100%.(4)Within 6 weeks of intervention,the dietary conformity rate of the diet therapy group was more than 66.7% at three follow-up visits every week.After the intervention,the dietary conformity rate reached 70%,the partial coincidence rate was 16.7%,and the non-coincidence rate was 13.3%.Conclusion:Through the study,it is found that the family nurse diet plan constructed according to the "family nurse dietary theory" has certain feasibility,and can be used as an effective non-drug treatment for the prevention and treatment of hypertension patients,and can provide clinical evidence for the promotion and application of "family nurse dietary theory". |
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