| Objective:To understand the epidemiology characteristics of children with rotavirus gastroenteritis in Shanxi Province,analyze clinical characteristics and risk factors of severe rotavirus gastroenteritis,and then identify severe cases early,improve the clinical diagnosis,treatment and prevention of rotavirus gastroenteritis,reducing the burden of suffering from diseases.Methods:Retrospective analysis was made on the cases of children with acute diarrhea hospitalized in the digestive department of Shanxi Children’s Hospital from January 2018 to December 2021,which includes 11 prefecture-level cities and 117 county-level administrative units in Shanxi Province,summarizing the epidemiological and clinical characteristics of rotavirus gastroenteritis,and analyzing the risk factors of severe rotavirus gastroenteritis.SPSS 22.0 software package was used to analyze and collate the data.Chi-square test was used for comparison between groups,and Logistic regression was used to analyze risk factors,P<0.05 indicated statistically significant difference.Results:From January 2018 to December 2021,the detection rate of rotavirus among inpatients admitted to the digestive department for acute diarrhea was 38.20%.The peak season of rotavirus infection was from December to February of the next year,and the lowest constituent ratio was in August,September and October,with a statistically significant difference(χ~2=762.507,P<0.05).In terms of age distribution,the average age of rotavirus gastroenteritis was(1.53±0.92)years.The detection rate of 1-≤ 2 years old was the highest(52.16%),followed by children with rotavirus gastroenteritis in the age group of 6 months-≤ 1 years old.The difference was statistically significant(χ~2=315.015,P<0.05).In the results of the gender distribution,the detection rate of boys was more than girls,and its ratio was 1.53:1.The difference was statistically significant(χ~2=44.827,P<0.05).In the group of regional distribution,the detection rate of urban residents was significantly higher than that of rural residents.The difference was statistically significant(χ~2=39.256,P<0.05).In terms of feeding mode,the detection rate of non breast-feeding was higher than breast-feeding in children ≤ 6 months old,with a statistically significant difference(χ~2=6.753,P < 0.05).The mean hospital stay of rotavirus enteritis was(4.15±1.83)days.The clinical manifestations were acute onset,mainly diarrhea,vomiting and fever.The common complications were dehydration,metabolic acidosis,and electrolyte disorder.There are significant differences between mild and severe rotavirus gastroenteritis in residential areas and age groups.By multivariate analysis,the risk of severe rotavirus gastroenteritis in children living in rural areas was 1.42 times that of children living in urban areas.The risk of developing severe rotavirus gastroenteritis in children aged 6 months-≤ 1 year old,1-≤ 2 years old,1-≤ 2 years old,and>2 years old is 1.98 times,2.33 times,and 2.24 times higher than in infants aged ≤ 6 months,respectively.Conclusion:The detection rate of rotavirus is relatively high in Shanxi.The high incidence season of rotavirus gastroenteritis in Shanxi is winter,which is mainly seen in infants from 6 months-≤2 years old.Boys are more likely to be infected with rotavirus than girls,and children living in urban areas are more likely to be infected with rotavirus than those living in rural areas,but children living in rural areas are more likely to have severe rotavirus gastroenteritis.Rotavirus infection can cause not only gastrointestinal symptoms,but also extra-intestinal symptoms.Targeted prevention and control should be carried out according to the characteristics of infection. |
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